Pesek, Chapter 5 Flashcards
Adam
The first man and our first father. He, together with Eve, committed the first sin (Original Sin). This Hebrew name can refer to Adam or mankind in general.
Creation
God’s bringing things into being out of nothing. Creation is good, but it has been corrupted by sin.
Eve
The first woman and our first mother. Eve was created from the rib of Adam, and thus woman– unlike the animals– is man’s equal and complement.
Serpent
The form take by Satan in the Garden of Eden.
Protoevangelium (or protoevangelion)
From the Greek proto meaning “first” and evaggelos meaning “bringing good news”. The first message of good news– the first gospel– is Genesis 3:15 in which the coming of the Messiah and Redeemer is promised.
Noah
The righteous man who, with his family and the animals, survived the Flood.
Ark
The vessel built by Noah to save his family and the animals from the Flood.
Shem
Hebrew for “name.” He was Noah’s first-born son and heir as well as the ancestor of the Israelites and related tribes.
Abraham
A descendant of Shem and the founder of the Hebrew nation. He was the first to receive a personal call from God (at seventy years old), and he responded in faith.
Ur
A city in Mesopotamia, the original home of Abraham.
Canaan
The land God promised to Abraham’s descendants. It covered about the same territory as modern-day Israel. It’s inhabitants were idol-worshipers who even sacrificed their own children in cult rituals.
Sarai
The original name of Sarah.
Sarah
The wife of Abraham and mother of Isaac.
Isaac
Son of Abraham and Sarah. He was born when they were very old. Although Isaac was not Abraham’s first son, he was the firstborn of Sarah, Abraham’s wife, making Isaac the heir to God’s promises.
Moriah
The mountains around Jerusalem where Abraham offered his son Isaac as a sacrifice.
Israel
The people chosen by God to be his own and to inherit the promises of Abraham. This people is named after Israel (Jacob), from whose twelve sons the tribes of Israel descend. Later after the death of Solomon and the division of the kingdom, Israel referred to the northern ten tribes, while the southern kingdom was known as Judah.
Jacob
The younger of Isaac and Rebekah’s twin sons. He tricked his brother, Esau, into giving him his inheritance and his father into giving him the first-born’s blessing, this becoming Isaac’s heir. Through him, God renewed the covenant with Abraham’s descendants.
Joseph
Jacob’s favorite among his twelve sons. His envious brothers sold him as a slave, but Joseph rose to become prime minister of Egypt, where he was ultimately able to slave his family from starvation. Joseph was also the name of the husband of Mary and custodian of the child Jesus.
Pharaoh
In ancient times, ruler of the Egyptians, who was generally worshiped as a god.
Exodus
Greek for “going out”. Liberation of the Hebrew people from slavery in Egypt into the Promised Land by the saving acts of God. The Book of Exodus recounts these events. The word also describes the liberation from slavery to sin into eternal life by the saving act of Jesus Christ.
Seth
Adam and Eve’s third son and eventual heir. His line carried on the true worship of God in contrast to the evil line of Cain.
Moses
The man God chose to lead the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt.
Flood
The great deluge that destroyed the world by water, from which only Noah, his family, and the animals escaped. The Flood is a type of the Sacrament of Baptism through which sin is destroyed.
Cain
Adam and Eve’s first son, and murderer of Abel. The Lord put a mark on Cain so that no one would kill him.
Abel
Adam and Eve’s second son. Because his sacrifice was acceptable to God, he was murdered by his envious bother Cain.
Angel
From the Greek angelos, a translation of the Hebrew malak, meaning “messenger.” A spiritual, personal, and immortal creature, possessing intelligence and free will, who glorifies God without ceasing and serves God as protector of and messenger to man.
Passover
Pasch; Pascha. It is the Jewish feast commemorating the deliverance of their first-born males from death by the blood of the lamb sprinkled on the door posts while in bondage in Egypt. The angel of death passed over their homes, allowing them to leave Egypt for the Promised Land. This was a type of the sacrificial Passion and Death of Jesus Christ, saving men from bondage to sin. The Eucharist celebrates Christ’s Passover. Some scholars have noted that some ancient nomadic societies practices an annual feast, known as a Shepherd’s Feast, in which lambs were sacrificed.
Manna
The miraculous food the Israelites were given in the desert. It is a type of the Eucharist.
Sinai
The mountain where Moses received the Law from God.
Ten Commandments
Decalogue; the fundamental laws given by God at Sinai that govern divine and human relationships.
Ark of the Covenant
An ornate box that held the tablets of the Law (Ten Commandments), the rod of Aaron, and some manna; it represented God’s throne on earth.
Temple
The place where God dwelt. The house of God in Jerusalem that contained the Ark of the Covenant. When the Temple was dedicated, God’s glory overshadowed it just as it had done in the Tabernacle. The Temple became the center of worship for Israel.
Tabernacle
An ornamented receptacle in the church in which the consecrated Eucharist is reserved for Communion for the sick and dying as well as for adoration. In Israelite history, the curtained tent containing the Ark of the Covenant and other sacred items; this portable sanctuary was taken through their wandering in the wilderness until the building of the Temple.
Aaron
Brother of and spokesman for Moses. He was the first priest of Israel.
Levites
Members of tribe of Levi, the priests of Israel.
Pagan
Heathen; one who practices idolatry; a person abandoning all religious belief; an irreligious person.
Idolatry
The worship or adoration due God alone paid to any created object. It is forbidden by the First Commandment. Idolatry is distinct from veneration given to saints and holy objects implicitly allowed by the Incarnation as defined at the Seventh Ecumenical Council.
Leviticus
Third book of the Bible. This book describes the service of God and the religious ceremonies to be performed by the members of the tribe of Levi.
Deuteronomy
Greek for “second law.” It is the name of one of the books of the Bible that is the second promulgation of the Law. It also restates many of the important laws given in Exodus, including the Ten Commandments.
Christ
Greek for “anointed.” This is used in reference to Jesus because he accomplished perfectly the divine mission of priest, Prophet, King, signified by his being anointed as Christ.
Messiah
Hebrew for “anointed.” This is used in reference to Jesus because he accomplished perfectly the divine mission of Priest, Prophet, and King, signified by his being anointed as Christ. Messianism is the belief in a savior or redeemer. In Jewish thought the messiah would be a king in the line of David.
Palestine
Another name for the land of Canaan. Named for the Philistines who settled there.
Judges
Temporary leaders appointed by God to lead the people of Israel when enemies oppressed them.
Philistines
A powerful nation that invaded Canaan from the sea and became the most hated enemies of Israel.
Samuel
The last of the Judges, and the man chosen by God to anoint Saul and David kings for Israel.
Saul
The first king of Israel, anointed by Samuel. He was later replaced by David.
Judah
One of the tribes of Israel. This name was used for the southern kingdom when Israel was divided after Solomon. Judah kept Jerusalem as its capital and remained loyal to David’s line.
David
The second king of Israel, a “man after God’s own heart.”
Jerusalem
A Canaanite city conquered by David that became the capital and religious center of Israel (and later Judah).
Solomon
The son of David who inherited his kingdom and the Davidic promise. He led Israel to its greatest glory and was famous for his wisdom.
Golden Calf
An idol made by Aaron when the Israelites demanded it. The people worshiped it as the god that brought them out of Egypt.
Eden
The name of the garden in which God placed Adam and Eve.
Plague
A disaster that affects a large number of people. The ten plagues in Exodus were signs of God’s wrath against the Egyptians for their treatment of the Jews, their obstinate pride, and their worship of false gods.
Queen of Sheba
The queen of a wealthy country to the south. She came to Jerusalem to test Solomon’s wisdom, which led her to praise the God of Israel, demonstrating the kingdom’s role in leading the nations to God.
Zion
The hill on which the oldest part of Jerusalem was built. A poetic name for the city of Jerusalem.
Babylon
The great imperial city to which the conquered people of Judah were taken captive by Nebuchadnezzar in 587 B.C.
Gentile
A member of any of the nations outside Israel.
Assyria
An ancient empire ruled by bloodthirsty and wicked men; it terrorized the whole Middle East and constantly threatened Israel and Judah during the monarchic period. Eventually the Assyrians destroyed Israel and scattered its people.
Jebusites
The Canaanite inhabitants of Jerusalem whom the Israelites had not conquered up to the time of David.
Circumcision
The visible sign of God’s promise to Abraham.
Cyrus the Great
The Persian King who conquered Babylon and allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem.
Elohim
The Hebrew word for God.
Ezra
A priest who led the returned exiles in Jerusalem and gathered together the books of the Old Testament.
Isaiah
The great prophet who guided the reforms of Hezekiah. His prophecies often refer to the coming of the Messiah.
Maccabees
Judas Maccabeus and his brothers, leader of the Jewish revolt against Antiochus IV.
Mattathias
A priest who touched off the Jewish revolt against Antiochus IV. He was the father of Judas Maccabeus.
Nebuchadnezzar II
King of Babylon who conquered Judah and carried off many of the inhabitants into exile in Babylon.
Patriarch
Father who leads a family or tribe. Abraham and his descendants, the founders of Israel, are known as the Patriarchs.
Prime Minister
A servant of the king who oversees all the affairs of the kingdom; the king’s most trusted advisor.
Queen Mother
The mother of the reigning king. Under Solomon and his successors, the Queen Mother was a very influential figure in the kingdom.
Void
Empty, without form. The state of the world before God gave it form and created beings to fill it.
Alexander the Great
The 4th century BC Greek conquerer who spread his empire across the known world. Despite the emperor’s breakup after his death, Alexander’s conquests spread Hellenistic (Greek) culture throughout the world.
Exile
Enforced removal from one’s native land according to an edit or enforced residence in a foreign land. The time the people of Judah spent as captives in Babylon.
Image
A representation such as a statue or picture. Human beings are created in the image of God, which means they are capable of knowing and loving their creator in freedom. All human beings have the dignity of people, capable of self-knowledge and entering freely into communion with God and other persons.
Jeremiah
The great prophet who stood up to official persecution to bring God’s word to the people of Judah. He saw his people being carried off to Babylon in captivity, but he predicted that God would gather the remnant of his flock from the four corners of the world. He also foresaw a time when God would make a “new covenant” with his people.
Josiah
A reforming king of Judah who returned the people to the worship of God. During his reign the Book of Law was found in the Temple, where it might have been hidden during Manasseh’s persecutions.
Persia
The great empire that conquered Babylon and freed the Jews form exile. The Persians allowed their subjects to keep their own customs, and the Jews prospered under Persian rule.
Priest
In the Old Testament, priests were from the tribe of Levi; in the New Testament, an abbreviation of the Greek presbyteros, “elder.” A member of the order of presbyters, this baptized and confirmed male is ordained to be a co-worker with his bishop, to preside at public liturgies, and otherwise to assist his bishop in priestly service to the people of God.
Remnant
What is left after a disaster. In the prophecy of Isaiah, the small number out of all God’s people who will return to Jerusalem after the coming exile. Isaiah even named one of his children “A-Remnant-Shall-Return.”
