Personality disorders Flashcards
what age is a diagnosis of personality disorder made
Wait until at least 18
What are the categories of personality disorder?
- Cluster A: “Weird” - odd or eccentric
- Cluster B: Dramatic, emotional, or erratic
What are the different cluster A personality disorders
- Paranoid personality disorder
- Schizoid personality disorder
- Schizotypal personality disorder
Describe paranoid personality disorder
-characterized by irrational suspicions and mistrust of others
Describe Schizoid personality disorder
- lack of interest in social relationships, seeing no point in sharing time with others
- appear indifferent to the praise or criticism of others and often seem cold or aloof
- marked by little pleasure in activities
- lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives
Describe Schizotypal personality disorder
- characterized by odd behavior or thinking
- ideas of reference (believing that public messages are directed personally at them)
- odd beliefs or magical thinking
- Vague, circumstantial, or stereotyped speech
- Excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity
- Idiosyncratic perceptual experiences or bodily illusion
What are the cluster B personality disorders?
- Antisocial personality disorder
- Borderline Personality disorder
- Histrionic personality disorder
- Narcissistic personality disorder
Describe antisocial personality disorder
- pervasive disregard for the law and rights of others
- Repeated violations of the law
- Pervasive lying and deception
- Physical aggressiveness
- Reckless disregard for safety of self or others
- Consistent irresponsibility in work and family environments
- Lack of remorse
- I’m pretty sure killing animals is a characteristic
Epidemiology for antisocial personality disorder
- 3x more in men
- genetic basis
What are those with antisocial personality disorder at risk for
- Anxiety disorders
- SUBSTANCE ABUSE
- somatization disorder
- gambling
Describe Borderline Personaltiy disorder
- Extreme “black and white” thinking, instability in relationships, self-image, identity and behavior
- frantic efforts to AVOID EXPECTED ABANDONMENT
- Unstable and intense interpersonal relationships
- Impulsivity in at least 2 areas that are potentially self-damaging (sex, substance abuse, reckless driving)
- Recurrent suicidal behaviors or threats or SELF MUTILATION
- 3 times more in women
More details of Borderline personality disorder
- Very manipulative
- Immature personality traits (“teddy bear sign” and “tweety bird sign”)
- need to set rigid boundaries when treating these pts: will often “split” staff members/providers against each other
- Are often victims of sexual abuse or emotional abuse
- have a high rate of comorbid major depression
Describe Histrionic Personality Disorder
- Pervasive attention seeking behavior including inappropriate sexual seductiveness and shallow or exaggerated emotions
- quite dramatic and often sexually provocative or seductive (wearing a red dress to a funeral)
- lady gaga and miley cyrus
Describe narcissistic personality disorder
- Pervasive patterns of Grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy
- Exaggeration of their own talents or accomplishments
- Sense of entitlement
- Exploitation of others
- Envy of others
- An arrogant, haughty attitude
- 50-75% males
Narcissistic personality disorder are at risk for what
- Anorexia nervosa
- Substance abuse
- Depression
What are the Cluster C personality disorders (Anxious or fearful disorders)
- Avoidant personality disorder
- Dependent personality disorder
- Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Describe Avoidant personality disorder
- Social inhibition, feeling of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation and avoidance of social interaction
- Differs from Schizoid in that they DESIRE relationships with others
- paralyzed by fear and sensitivity into social isolation
- Shy but not as odd as Cluster A types
Describe Dependent personality disorder
- Pervasive psychological dependence on other people
- difficulty making decision without guidance and reassurance
- Need for others to assume responsibility for most major areas of person’s life
- difficulty expressing disagreement with others
- difficulty initiating activities because of lack of confidence
- Excessive measures to obtain nurturance and support
- Discomfort or helplessness when alone
- Urgent seeking for another relationship when one has ended
- unrealistic preoccupation with fears of being left to fend for themselves
Describe Obsessive compulsive personality disorder
- characterized by rigid conformity to rules, moral codes and excessive orderliness
- markedly preoccupied with perfectionism and control
- lack flexibility or openness
- Preoccupations interfere with their efficiency despite their focus on tasks
- often scrupulous and inflexible about matters of morality, ethics, and values to a point beyond cultural norms
- often stingy as well as stubborn
Treatment of personality disorders
- psychodynamic psychotherapy
- Cognitive Behavior Therapy
- Group psychotherapy
- Dialectical Behavior Therapy
- medications (not curative, adjunct to psychotherapy)
what is a therapy specifically used for borderline personality disorder and maybe other cluster Bs
Dialectical behavior therapy
Homicide is a possible complication particularly in which personality disorders
- paranoid
- antisocial
