personality disorders Flashcards
DSM-5 personality disorder 5 essential features for personality trait diagnosis
1) significant impairment in self (identity, direction) and interpersonal (empathy, intimacy)
2) pathological personality trait
3) impairments are consistent
4) can’t be explained by development or environment
5) not due to substances
pathological personality trait domains in personality disorder
- negative affectivity
- detachment
- antagonism
- disinhibition
- psychoticism
three symptom clusters of PD
A - odd and eccentric (paranoid, schizotypal, schizoid)
B - dramatic, emotional, erratic (BPD, histrionic, narcissistic)
C - anxious and fearful (avoidant, dependent, OCD)
men or women get paranoid PD more?
men
paranoid PD traits
- suspects with no basis
- preoccupied with loyalty
- reluctant to confide in others
- sees hidden meaning
- grudges
- perceives attacks on character
- suspects partner
- DOES NOT OCCUR EXCLUSIVELY DURING PSYCHOTIC DISORDER
schizotypal PD more prevalent in men or women?
men
schizotypal PD traits
- ideas of reference
- odd beliefs/magical thinking
- unusual perceptual experiences
- excessive social anxiety that does not subside and has more to do with paranoid fears than with self
schizoid PD men or women?
men more
schizoid PD traits
- doesn’t like close relationships
- solitary activities
- no sex
- no pleasure
- no close friends or confidants
- indifferent to praise or criticism
- DOES NOT OCCUR EXCLUSIVELY DURING PSYCHOTIC DISORDER
BPD men or women?
twice as common in women
common comorbidities with BPD
MDD, SUD found in first degree relatives
BPD traits
- avoiding abandonment
- unstable and intense relationships
- unstable self image
- impulsivity in at least two of the following: (spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating)
- emptiness
- suicidal behavior
- instability of affect
- anger
histrionic PD men or women?
women more
histrionic PD traits
- center of attention
- inappropriately sexual or provocative
- shifting and shallow emotions
- uses physical appearance to draw attention
- theatrical
- easily influenced by others
- considers relationships more intimate than they actually are
narcissistic PD traits
- grandiose sense of self
- unlimited success and power fantasies
- special/unique, requires admiration
- entitlement
- arrogant
- envious
- takes advantage of others for gain
- high suicide rate
anti-social PD prevalence
- 3:1 men
- prison populations
- EtOH abuse common
- aggression, callousness
antisocial PD traits
- no conformity to social norms
- deceitful
- impulsivity
- irritability
- recklessness
- over 18, likely with conduct disorder
- NOT EXCLUSIVELY DURING PSYCHOTIC EPISODE
avoidant PD traits
- avoids interactions due to fear of criticism
- must be certain of being liked
- restraint in intimate relationships
dependent PD men or women more prevalent?
women
dependent PD traits
- can’t make decisions on own
- needs others to take responsibility for well being
- can’t disagree with others
obsessive compulsive PD (not to be confused with OCD) traits
- preoccupied with details, rules, lists, etc
- perfectionism
- devoted to work
- scrupulous with morality, ethics, values
- miserly
- can’t discard things
