Personality Disorders Flashcards
Enduring pattern of inner experience or behavior that deviates from expectations of culture
personality disorders
more common than autism, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder combined
borderline personality disorder
Cluster includes paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
cluster A
cluster includes antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
cluster B
Cluster includes avoidant, OCD, dependent
cluster C
Marked by eccentricity, odd behavior, not psychosis. Share a superficial similarity with schizophrenia
Cluster A personality disorders
Lack of trust in others. Fear that friends may be disloyal, unfaithful. Being hypersensitive, overly suspicious, perceived as hostile
paraonid personality disorder
Treatment of paranoid personality disorder
cognitive behavioral therapy and SSRIs
Detachment from social relationships, restricted emotions. Least commonly diagnosed. Need to meet 4 criteria
Schizoid personality disorder
Criteria include: desires nor enjoys social relationships, prefers solitary activities, has little interest in sexual experiences, indifferent to praise or criticism, detached, flat affect
schizoid personality disorder
Treatment for schizoid and schizotypal personality disorder
Social skills training. Low dose antipsychotics or antidepressants
Acute discomfort with social relationships, eccentric behavior. odd, peculiar thinking and behavior. Need to meet 5 criteria
schizotypal personality disorder
Sx include: ideas of reference, odd beliefs, unusual perceptual experiences, odd speech. Suspiciousness or paranoid ideation. Excessive social anxiety
Schizotypal personality disorder
The feeling that casual incidents and external events have a particular and unusual meaning that is specific to the person
ideas of reference
there is a belief that is held with delusional conviction. Ex-Believing that ‘somehow everyone on a passing city bus is talking about them, yet they may be able to acknowledge this is unlikely
delusion of reference
Difference between schizoid and schizotypal disorders
Schizotypal patients avoid social interaction because of a fear of people. Schizoid individuals feel no desire to form relationships
Dramatic, emotional and erratic. Being self-absorbed, prone to exaggerate importance of events. Having difficulty maintaining close relationships
cluster B personality disorders
Pattern of disregard for rights of others since age 15. Can be very charming, likeable. Needs to meet three criteria
antisocial personality disorder
Criteria include: failure to conform to social norms, respect lawful behavior, conning others for profit or pleasure, impulsivity, aggressiveness, repeated fights
antisocial personality disorder
reckless disregard for safety of others, consistent irresponsibility, failure to honor obligations, lack of remorse. Evidence of conduct disorder before age 15
antisocial personality disorder
Higher rates in prisons, forensic settings and substance abuse treatment programs
antisocial personality disorder
Treatment for antisocial personality disorder
anger management, group therapy, medication
instability of mood, self-image, interpersonal relationships frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment. unrealistically positive or negative opinions about others
borderline personality disorder
Diagnosed more often in women. Threats/actions of self-harm are common. Black and White thinking. High suicide rates
borderline personality disorder
disconnect between orbital frontal cortex and amygdala→ failure to downregulate amygdala in response to aversive stimuli
borderline personality disorder
treatment of choice for borderline personality disorder
Dialectical behavioral therapy (in group and individual basis)
Enduring pattern of thinking, behavior characterized by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior. Person is typically self-centered, vain, demanding. Dresses eccentrically, seductively
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Excessive emotionality, attention-seeking and needs to meet 5 criteria
histrionic personality disorder
Criteria include: uncomfortable when not center of attention, sexually seductive behavior, rapidly shifting moods, speech is excessively impressionistic, easily influenced, considers relationships more intimate than they are
histrionic personality disorder
Treatment of histrionic
CBT and group therapy
Grandiosity in fantasy and behavior, need for admiration, lack of empathy. Need to meet 5 criteria
Narcissistic personality disorder
Criteria includes: grandiose sense of self-importance, preoccupied with fantasies of power, success, love, believes he or she is special or unique, lacks empathy, arrogant, haughty
Narcissistic personality disorder
Treatment of narcissistic personality disorder
Anger management
Psychotherapy (for Axis I)
Group therapy
Pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. Needs to meet 4 criteria
avoidant personality disorder
Criteria include: Avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact, restraint with intimate relationships, preoccupied with being criticized, Views self as socially inept
avoidant personality disorer
One of the most prevalent PD’s in the general population ranging from 2.1% to 7.9%
OCD personality disorder
Criteria include: Shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion, excessively devoted to work and productivity, Rigid and stubborn, preoccupied with order/organization
OCD personality disorder
Treatment of OCD personality disorder
CBT, no research which medications work
Criteria includes: difficulty making decisions without an excessive amount of advice and reassurance from others. Needs others to assume responsibility for major areas of his or her life. difficulty expressing disagreement with others difficulty initiating projects
dependent personlity disodre
Treatment of dependent personality disorder
medication for specific symptoms, CBT, psychodynamic
