Pediatric Psych II Flashcards
Sx include: phobias, separation anxiety, somatic complaints, auditory hallucination. Temper tantrums, behavior problems
childhood depression
Sx include: More sleep and appetite disturbances, delusions, suicidal ideation & acts, impairment of functioning
adolescent depression
Difference between adolescent and adult depression
Compared to adults, more behavioral problems, fewer neuro-vegative symptoms
Broad classes of medications that may induce depressive symptoms
stimulants, neuroleptics, corticosteroids, contraceptives
Best initial treatment for children/adolescents with depression
fluoxetine (Prozac)and cognitive behavioral therapy is best
Major sign of impending suicide in adolescents
hopelessness
neurodevelopmental disorder with multiple etiologies that encompass a broad spectrum of functioning, disability, and strengths
intellectual disability
term applied to children under 5 who fail to meet expected developmental milestones and have significant impairments in several areas of functioning
Global developmental delay (GDD)
T/F Not all children with GDD will meet criteria for ID as they grow older
true
What IQ level indicates deficits in intellectual fxn?
70 or below
characterized by difficulties with accurateand/orfluent word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities
dyslexia
Sx include problems processing and understanding what they hear, following more than one command at a time, remembering sequences, and reversals of letters/words
dyslexia
Most important teaching approach for dyslexia
frequent instruction by a reading specialist who uses these multisensory methods of teaching.
difficulty performing math calculations
dyscalculia
learning disability resulting from the difficulty in expressing thoughts in writing and graphing. Typically have extremely poor handwriting
dysgraphia
How do you distinguish between dyslexia and dysgraphia?
problems with spelling alone, in the absence of a problem expressing ideas in writing is more indicative of dyslexia
Sx include irregular letter sizes and shapes, writing fatigue, difficulties in using writing as a communication tool, unfinished letters and letter inconsistencies
dysgraphia
Why do children with ADHD have difficulty writing and with handwriting?
have difficulty organizing and sequencing detailed information. don’t have fine-motor coordination to kee up with thoughts
What are the two subtypes of ADHD?
Inattentive and Impulsive-hyperactivity
By what age must ADHD symptoms occur for diagnosis?
must present before age 12
Treatment of choice for ADHD
Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta)
What is the percentage of concordance of autism in monozygotic twins?
90%
neurodevelopmental disorder that affects the functioning of the brain. limited emotional connection, need routine, deeply affected by noises/bright lights/smells
autism
key diagnostic factor of autism
deficits in social responsiveness and interpersonal relationships
By what age does autism present?
onset before age 3
What syndrome is a child likely to have if during the first year of life they have delayed or absent social smile, failure to anticipate interaction w/parents, lack of attn to parent’s face?
autism
The mildest form of autism, these children become obsessively interested in a single object or topic. Marked clumsiness and impaired social interaction. Normal to above average intelligence
Aspberger’s
HIgh risk for the development of anxiety and depression as adults
Aspberger’s
Feigning illness has an external incentive (avoiding work, obtaining money)
malingering
Has no other incentive than to be a patient and experience the sick role
factitious disorder
Fabricating or inducing illness in a child by the parent or primary caregiver in order to get attention, that results in persistent medical evaluation
Munchausen by proxy
Presentation includes: discrepant h/o, unexplained illness that is prolonged and recalcitrant to tx, problem only originates in presence of perpetrator
Munchausen by proxy
Common signs and symptoms of Munchausen by proxy
bleeding from various sites, seizures, CNS depression, apnea
Management of Munchause by proxy
hospitalization of child to ensure safety of child. CPS
