Personality Disorders Flashcards
What is personality?
patterns of characteristics that creates their pattern of perceiving/feeling/thinking/coping/behaving, personality emerges from interaction of biological dispositions, psychological experiences, and environmental situations
What are personality traits?
Patterns of perceiving, thinking, feeling, and behaving that shapes a persons response to the world
What do people need to receive diagnosis of PD?
Person must demonstrate behaviours that impair the ability to function socially and occupationally
Cluster A (social aversion) parts?
Paranoid PD, schizoid PD, and schizotypal PD
Cluster B (dys-regulation in emotion and behaviour)
Antisocial PD, borderline BD, narcissistic, and histrionic PD
Cluster C (fearfulness)?
Avoidant PD, dependant PD, and OCPD
Comorbidities common with PD?
Mood, substance use, eating, and anxiety disorders
OCEAN model of personality?
O- openness to experience
C- conscientiousness
E- extraversion
A- agreeableness
N- neuroticism (emotional instability)
True or false: is hospital rate for women with PD 3 times higher than men
true
Common features for PD?
Maladaptive emotional responses (can be negative or positive), impaired self identity, impulsivity and destructive behaviour, impaired interpersonal functioning, and impaired meta-cognition.
Usual treatment for PD
CBT, dialectical behaviour therapy, mentalization based treatment, and meta cognitive interpersonal therapy
Paranoid PD and interventions?
They are mistrustful/avoid relationships they can’t control, they are hyper vigilant to environment changes, suspicious/guarded, and they have difficult with maintaining relationships.
I- help pt identify problems areas, changing thought patterns take time
Schizoid PD, dx, and interventions?
SPD- incapable of forming social relationships, communication can lack focus/be confusing, unable to experience joy/pleasure, they are introverted, engage in solitary activities, and are expressively impassive.
Dx- impaired social interactions, chronic low self esteem
I- provide social skill training, encourage social interactions, prevent social isolation
Schizotypal PD and nursing care focus for them?
Have off beliefs and they are eccentric. When they experience psychoses the symptoms will mimic schizophrenia. Have perceptual delusions and odd thinking. Mood can be constricted/inappropriate and behaviour is eccentric. Have no close friends and social deficits.
Nursing care focuses on increasing self worth, providing social skill training, reinforce social behaviour, and enhance cognitive skills.
What is borderline PD?
Pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships/self image, and affects. Has marked impulsivity that begins by early adulthood. Has unstable/reactive moods, lives from 1 crisis to another, and has emotional dys regulation. Dysfunctional behaviour (impaired problem solves). Its genetic and more common in females
Treatment for BPD?
DBT, psychotherapy, med therapy (mood stabilizers, antipsychotics)
Biological domain?
System review, physical functioning, nutrient, sleep, physical indicators of self injury, medications
Psychosocial domain?
Assess moods, appearance /activity level (reflect mood), impulsivity, dissociation, dichotomous thinking, risk for suicide/self injury.
Social domain?
Assess support systems, interpersonal skills, self esteem, coping skills, family assessment
What is antisocial PD?
Pervasive pattern of disregard for/violation of rights of others that begin in childhood and adolescence. They fail to conform to social standards. They are easily irritated, lack empathy/compassion. It’s genetic and comorbid with drug/alcohol use. More common in men
Histrionic PD?
Attention seeking/life of the party, lively/dramatic, they draw attention by their enthusiasm is dress/openness. Become depressed when they aren’t the center of attention. Comorbid with BPD, DPD, ASPD, anxiety, substance use, and mood disorders.
Interventions for histrionic PD?
Develop sense of self without validation from others, reinforce personal strengths, develop problem solving skills, examine negative perceptions of self
Interventions for antisocial PD?
Help with anger control, group interventions, self awareness, positive interaction skills, and self responsibility facilitation
Narcissistic PD?
Grandiose degree of self love/self importance, lacks empathy for others, need for attention/power, and experiences with personal insecurities.
Avoidant PD, focus of nursing care, and interventions?
Avoids interpersonal contacts and social situations, perceives themselves as socially inept. They have intense fear of social rejection. They are timid/shy.
Focus on low self esteem/social isolation/coping impairment.
Interventions- explore reasons for self criticism, achievements of success, assist to identify positive responses from others
Dependant PD and focus of nursing care?
Cling to others to be taken care of and have submissive pattern. Decision making is difficult for them and they fear responsibilities/seek support from others. They are needy/need to be reassured.
Focus on coping impairment, chronic low self esteem, impaired interpersonal relationships, and impaired ADLs. Help them recognize their dependant patterns/motivate them to change/teach adult skills.
OCPD?
Not as many obsession and compulsions as OCD but they like rigidity, perfectionism, organization, and control. They have a difficult time accepting new ideas and react to them with stubbornness. They have an overall need to be perfect
T or F: personalities are views on a continuum from normal at one end to abnormal at the other
True
What is a PD?
Perceptions, emotions, cognition, and behaviour of a person deviates from cultural expectations and causes distress/impairment.
What is meta cognition?
Ability to consider and identify one’s own state of mind, and the state of mind of others. They then apply this knowledge to problem solving. This is impaired in PD
What is kleptomania?
People can’t resist the urge to steal
What is pyromania?
Intentional fire setting that gives arousal/relief. They are fascinated with fire.
What is intermittent explosive disorder?
Have outbursts of verbal/physical aggressiveness that results in attack of people/destruction of property. These episodes can be over in minutes/hrs and the person feels remorse afterwards.
