History of Pysch Nursing Flashcards
15th century institutional care?
Weren’t run by government, mentally ill taken in by rich people into their homes, had small scale asylums.
17/18/19 century institutional care?
Small asylums grew into larger institutions , thousands of people, church started to become involved. Humane treatment introduced at end of 18th century by philippe pinel.
Who is philippe pinel and william turke?
PP- introduced humane treatment, removed patients chains
WT- established the york retreat
19th century care of psych patients?
Designed asylums developed throughout western world, quaker friends asylum opened (they were kind to patients). Care of mentally ill became public responsibility.
Who is Dorothea Lynde Dix?
Happened in 18th century. Influenced mental healthcare system reform/investigated conditions of jails and the plight of mentally ill. Promoted mental hospitals to be built. Advocated for mental institutions in Halifax/St. Johns.
Which province was the first to build a provincial lunatic asylum?
New Brunswick
19th and early 20th century trends?
Mental disorders on rise because of bigger population, involuntary confinement/institutional care dominated treatment, each province established their own public funded asylum. Poor conditions=many died from tuberculosis.
What was the insanity acts renamed?
Mental Health Acts to reflect more current thinking
Legal Basis for mental healthcare?
Patients could be admitted on voluntary or certified basis (before had non choice). Provinces became responsible to develop/pass its own legislation.
What’s life like in early institutions?
Overcrowded, limited resources, use of restraint/isolation, women often abused. Self contained isolated communities. Large number of people forced to live together. Institutions focused on custodial care with little actual treatment occurring.
Who is Charles K Clarke (1857-1924)?
Influential mental health reformer in Canada and was superintendent of Ontario psychiatric hospitals. Established nurse training for asylum personnel. Established toronto psychiatric hospital.
Who is Clifford Beers (1876-1943)?
Wrote an autobiography that reflected his abusive experience in mental hospitals. Founded national committee for mental hygiene. Led committees effort in development of chid guidance clinics/prison clinics.
What is the Canadian national committee for mental hygiene (CNCMH)?
Founded in 1918. Helped introduction of training schools for mental nurses. Charles clarke developed first nurse training school for female personnel.
Psychosocial theory?
Social and environment influences on mental disorders.
Biological theory?
Mental disorder is a biological cause/must be treated by physical interventions- baths for hours (cold or warm), ECT, lobotomy
