Personality and Cultural Values Flashcards
One of the “Big Five” dimensions of personality reflecting traits like being nervous, moody, emotional, insecure, jealous, and unstable.
Neuroticism
The degree to which a culture values stereotypically male traits or stereotypically female traits.
Masculinity-femininity
A personality framework that evaluates people on the basis of four types or preferences: extraversion versus introversion, sensing versus intuition, thinking versus feeling, and judging versus perceiving.
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
A dispositional tendency to experience unpleasant moods such as hostility, nervousness, and annoyance.
Negative affectivity
A collection of 170 researchers from 62 cultures who examine the impact of culture on the effectiveness of leader attributes, behaviors, and practices.
Project GLOBE
One of the “Big Five” dimensions of personality reflecting traits like being dependable, organized, reliable, ambitious, hardworking, and persevering.
Conscientiousness
The degree to which situations have clear behavioral expectations, incentives, or instructions that make differences between individuals less important.
Situational strength
A strong desire to obtain acceptance in personal relationships as a means of expressing one’s personality.
Communion striving
One of the “Big Five” dimensions of personality reflecting traits like being talkative, sociable, passionate, assertive, bold , and dominant.
Extraversion
the five major dimensions of personality including conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness to experience, and extraversion.
Big Five
Whether one believes the events that occur around him or her are self-driven or driven by the external environment.
Locus of control
Expressions of personality that influence behavior through preferences for certain environments and activities.
Interests
One of the “Big Five” dimensions of personality reflecting traits like being kind, cooperative, sympathetic, helpful, courteous, and warm.
Agreeableness
One who views his or her cultural values as “right” and values of other cultures as “wrong”.
Ethnocentrism
Integrity tests that do not directly ask about dishonesty, instead assessing more general personality traits associated with dishonest acts.
Veiled purpose tests
The structures and propensities inside a person that explain his or her characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior. It reflects what people are like and creates their social reputation.
Personality
Shared beliefs about desirable end states or modes of conduct in a given culture that influence the expression of traits.
Cultural values
Recurring trends in people’s responses to their environment.
Traits
A strong desire to obtain power and influence within a social structure as a means of expressing one’s personality.
Status striving
Being more likely to appraise day-to-day situations as stressful, thereby feeling that stressors are encountered more frequently.
Differential exposure
A strong desire to accomplish task-related goals as a means of expressing one’s personality.
Accomplishment striving
A dispositional tendency to experience pleasant, engaging moods such as enthusiasm, excitement, and elation.
Positive affectivity
The degree to which a culture prefers equal power distribution or an unequal power distribution
Power distance
Performance in the routine conditions that surround daily job tasks.
Typical performance
Exaggerating responses to a personality test in a socially desirable fashion.
Faking
The degree to which situations provide cues that trigger the expression of a given personality trait.
Trait activation
Situations in which two people have just met.
Zero acquaintance
The degree to which a culture stresses values that are past- and present-oriented or future-oriented
Short-term vs. long-term orientation
One of the “Big Five” dimensions of personality reflecting traits like being curious, imaginative, creative, complex, refined, and sophisticated.
Openness to experience
The degree to which a culture has a loosely knit social framework or a tight social framework.
Individualism-collectivism
The shared values, beliefs motives, identities, and interpretations that result from common experiences of members of a society and are transmitted across generations.
Culture
The degree to which a culture tolerates ambiguous situations or feels threatened by them.
Uncertainty avoidance
Integrity tests that ask about attitudes toward dishonesty, beliefs about the frequency of dishonesty, desire to punish dishonesty, and confession of past dishonesty.
Clear purpose tests
Being less likely to believe that one can cope with the stressors experienced on a daily basis.
Differential reactivity
Personality tests that focus specifically on a predisposition to engage in theft and other counterproductive behaviors (sometimes also called “honesty tests”).
Integrity tests
An interest framework summarized by six different personality types including realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, and conventional.
RIASEC model
Performance in brief, special circumstances that demand a person’s best effort.
Maximum performance
