Motivation Flashcards
An internal tension that results from being overrewarded or underrewarded relative to some comparison other.
Equity Distress
A reevaluation of the inputs an employee brings to a job, often occurring in response to equity distress.
Cognitive Distortion
Positive or negative feelings that can help or hinder task accomplishment.
Emotional Cues
The capability to perform work tasks successfully.
Competence
In job characteristics theory, it refers to the degree to which the job itself provides information about how well the job holder is doing. In goal setting theory, it refers to progress updates on work goals.
Feedback
A theory that describes the cognitive process employees go through to make choices among different voluntary responses.
Expectancy Theory
An energy rooted in the belief that tasks are contributing to some larger purpose.
Psychological Empowerment
The degree to which a person accepts a goal and is determined to reach it.
Goal Commitment
Pep talks that lead employees to believe that they can “get the job done.”
Verbal Persuasion
The belief that successful performance will result in the attainment of some outcomes.
Instrumentality
Learning plans and problem-solving approaches used to achieve successful performance.
Task Strategies
Comparing oneself to someone in a different company.
External Comparison
Comparing oneself to someone in the same company.
Internal Comparison
Groupings or clusters of outcomes viewed as having critical psychological or physiological consequences.
Needs
Captures the value of a work goal or purpose, relative to a person’s own ideals and passions.
Meaningfulness
The anticipated value of the outcomes associated with successful performance.
Valence
The belief that a person has the capabilities needed to perform the behaviors required on some task.
Self-efficacy
Desire to put forth work effort due to the sense that task performance serves as its own reward.
Intrinsic Motivation
The sense that a person’s actions “make a difference”—that progress is being made toward fulfilling some important purpose.
Impact
The idea that money can have symbolic value (e.g, achievement, respect, freedom) in addition to economic value.
Meaning of Money
Another person who provides a frame of reference for judging equity.
Comparison Other
A theory that views goals as the primary drivers of the intensity and persistence of effort.
Goal Setting Theory
Goals that stretch an employee to perform at his or her maximum level while still staying within the boundaries of his or her ability.
Specific and Difficult Goals
A sense of choice in the initiation and continuation of work tasks.
Self-determination
A theory that suggests that employees create a mental ledger of the outcomes they receive for their job inputs, relative to some comparison other.
Equity Theory
Desire to put forth work effort due to some contingency that depends on task performance.
Extrinsic Motivation
The level of success or failure with similar job tasks in the past.
Past Accomplishments
The belief that exerting a high level of effort will result in successful performance on some task.
Expectancy
A set of energetic forces that determine the direction, intensity, and persistence of an employee’s work effort.
Motivation
Acronym that stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Results-Based, Time-Sensitive goals.
S.M.A.R.T. Goals
A term commonly used in the contemporary workplace to summarize motivation levels.
Engagement
Observations of and discussions with others who have performed some work task.
Vicarious Experiences
The degree to which the information and actions needed to complete a task are complicated.
Task Complexity
The internalized goals that people use to monitor their own progress.
Self-set Goals
