personality Flashcards
define personality
characteristics or patterns of behaviors that make us unique
what is the trait theory of personality ?
1 - personality traits are innate
2- personality traits are stable and enduring
3- personality traits are generalizable and can predict behavior
what are eysenks 4 personality types ?
extroverts
introverts
neurotic
stable
describe introverts ?
- RAS is sensitive to arousal
- experience high levels of arousal
- shy
- likes peace and quiet
- good concentration
describe extroverts ?
- RAS is not sensitive to arousal
- experience low levels of arousal
- outgoing
- seeks excitement
- poor concentration
What are the 2 types of personality in Girdanos new band theory ?
type A
type B
describe type A
- prone to stress/anxiety
- impatient
- intolerant
- likes to be in control
- competitive
- works fast
- strong desire to succeed
- ambitious
describe type B ?
- relaxed
- patient
- tolerant
- do not like control
- less competitive
- works more slowly
- lacking desire to succeed
- unambitious
which personality type in narrow band theory is more prone to increased aggression and stress related illness ?
type a
which 2 theories support the trait theory ?
- Eysenks personality types
- Girdanos narrow band theory
give positives of the trait theory
- some evidence to suggest that genetics influences our personality
- if the theory is correct then personality can predict behavior
give negatives if the trait theory
- may be inaccurate as not just genetics determine our behavior
- does not account for his behavior can change in different environments, i.e too deterministic
what is the social learning theory ?
- behavior is learned from the environment
- behavior of a role model is observed and imitated
- behavior is acquired when socially reinforced by the role model
characteristics of an effective role model
- high status
- behavior is reinforced
- uses relevant behavior
- warm and friendly
- behavior is clear and repeated
- model is similar to us (age, gender, sport )
positives of social learning theory
- bobo doll experiment supports idea
- some evidence to suggest that some aspects of personality are learned by watching and copying significant others
negatives of social learning theory
- too simplistic as it doesn’t account for inherited personality traits
- children brought up in same way do not always display same personality traits
- if theory was true we would all copy our role models
describe the interactionist approach to personality
- behavior occurs through influence of inherited traits and learned experience
- personality is modified and behavior is formed when genetically inherited traits are triggered by an environmental circumstance
- explains why personalities of sports people can change in different situations
what are the 3 parts of Hollanders levels of personality
psychological core
typical response
role related behavior
psychological core
- true self
- permanent qualities, beliefs, values and attitudes
- affects our typical responses
typical response
- learned behavior
- informed by our psychological core
- more changeable than our psychological core
role related behavior
- most visible part of our personality
- dynamic and changeable
- behavior is impacted by the situation and how we feel
positives interactionist approach
- more realistic as it considers effects of both traits and the environment
- explains why our behavior is often unpredictable
- explains why people in the same environment behave differently
negatives interactionist approach
- doesn’t account for individuals who show consistent behaviors in all situations
3.g someone who is a leader in every situation - head girl, guides leader, captain of sports team
