Component 2 - feedback Flashcards
what is positive feedback ?
gives information about a successful outcome
reinforces skill learning
can be intrinsic or extrinsic
give an example of positive feedback ?
a rugby coach praises the correct tackling technique of a player
what is negative feedback ?
gives information about an unsuccessful outcome
can be intrinsic or extrinsic
what does negative feedback help to do ?
build more successful strategies
give an example of negative feedback ?
a basketball coach explains why the shooting technique of a player was incorrect
what is intrinsic feedback ?
- information about the kinaesthetic feel of the movement
- comes from within the performer
- comes from proprioceptors
what are proprioceptors ?
sensory receptors located in the tissues, they are capable of detecting motion and position of the body through a stimulus produced within the body
give an example of intrinsic feedback ?
a football player physically feeling that they volleyed the ball from the sweet spot of their foot
what is extrinsic feedback ?
- comes fro man external source to the performer (from environment)
- comes from sight or sound
give an example of extrinsic feedback ?
- basketball coach telling a performer that their shooting technique is excellent
- a basketball player seeing the ball go in the ring after their shot
what is knowledge of performance ?
- information about how well the information was executed
- can be given as external feedback
- can be concurrent
what does concurrent mean ?
given during performance
give an example of knowledge of performance ?
a tennis coach explaining to a performer that their serving technique is correct
a tennis player telling themselves they need to toss the ball higher when serving
what is knowledge of results ?
- information about the outcome of the skill
- it is terminal
- it is external
what does terminal mean ?
at the end of performance
give an example of knowledge of results ?
a 100 m sprinter seeing that they ran 100m in 13 seconds
a netball player seeing that their pass successfully reached their teammate
what are advantages of positive feedback ?
- forms or strengthens correct s-r bond
- reinforces skill learning or indicates where the performer has done things correctly
- can significantly increase motivation
- effective for beginners
- builds confidence within the performer
give an example of where positive feedback is a good thing
a coach praises the volleyball player on a successful block which makes the performer grow in confidence and be more likely to try the block more often
what are disadvantages of positive feedback ?
- if underserved the performer may establish incorrect s-r bonds
- ineffective if unspecific
- if overused can lead to ignoring feedback or losing its positive effect becoming devalued
give an example of when positive feedback is not helpful ?
- a table tennis player hearing lots of positive comments from their coach may feel like its not valueable as it is too often
give advantages of negative feedback ?
motivates some performers
provides clear areas for the players to work on to improve/ tells performer what they are doing wrong
useful for autonomous players
helps to fine tune well learned skills
prevents drive reduction as it pushed performers to achieve the goal
give an example for when motivation is an advantage for negative feedback ?
a rugby player being told off for not trying hard enough to stop the other team from scoring a try may become more determined to work harder to stop the opposition
give an example as to when clear areas for the performer to work on is beneficial in negative feedback ?
a basketball coach criticising the wrist action when shooting gives the player a very specific focus to work on training
give disadvantages of negative feedback ?
- can be demotivating and cause the performer to give up
- can lower self confidence
- doesn’t tell a performer what they need to do, it could just tell them what they are doing wrong
- inappropraite for beginners
- if negative feedback unfounded pr inaccurate it can have detrimental impacts on performance
give an examples as to why negative feedback is inappropriate for beginners ?
- if a coach gives negative feedback to a beginner boxer, she feels useless
give advantages of extrinsic feedback ?
- coach can observe and give feedback, and have time to think about their feedback
- helps skill learning for beginners
- more objective so potentially more accurate
- if the coach is experienced, the feedback should be accurate and effective
- motivating, as performer gets attention from coach
- helps performer develop intrinsic feedback, as a coach tells performer if their movement was correct, and to remember physical feel of movement
give an example as to why extrinsic feedback being more objective is a good thing ?
a hurdlers coach is not affected by how hard the hurdler felt they tried pr what they thought they had done
give an example as to why extrinsic feedback allowing coaches to give accurate and effective feedback is a good thing ?
- olympic level gymnastics coach will be able to give very accurate and constructive feedback
give disadvantages of extrinsic feedback ?
- if coach gives inaccurate feedback it can lead to decrease in quality of performance
- can lead to a drop in motivation for the performer
- does not develop as much kinaesthetic awareness within the individual
- performer can become too dependent upon this feedback type if coach isn’t there, performer may struggle
- if overused can overload or demotivate performer
give an example as to when a coach gives inaccurate feedback which can lead to a decrease in quality of performance
- novice coach may give poor feedback to a diver about their rotations mid dive which could result in too much splash on entry
give advantages of intrinsic feedback ?
- instant / immediately corrected
- readily available
- don’t need to rely on others
- good for experts
- helps to develop fluid movements/timings
- performer is able to think about things such as tactics
give an example as to when you do not need to rely on others with intrinsic feedback
- tennis player can feel if the serve was correct they do not need their coach to tell them
give an examples as to when intrinsic feedback is good for experts ?
- professional footballers will be able to use intrinsic feedback accurately compared to a beginner
give disadvantages of intrinsic feedback
- beginners can’t use it as they do not know the true kinaesthetic feel
- might not be accurate so can lead to errors
- some individuals senses or proprioception is not effective
- some performers who lack confidence may not trust their own feedback and feel the need to have an external source to provided feedback
- learning how to use intrinsic feedback can take a long time
give an example as to when some performers need to have an external source as they do not trust their own feedback
- inexperienced or nervous trampolinist may need a coach to confirm to him that a backdrop was successfully executed
give advantages to knowledge of performance feedback
- good for situations where the outcome may not be successful but the movement was
- allows the coach to focus on positive aspects
- can tell perfomrer’s how to improve
- esssential for skill learning
- helps experts to refine movements
- increases motivation/ confidence
- given whilst performer is executing the skill and errors can be quickly corrected
- effective in some closed skills where technique is important
- helps develop kinaesthetic awareness
give disadvantages of knowledge of performance ?
- if feedback inaccurate can be detrimental
- some performers may only want to know the outcome
- can confuse or demotivate beginners if lots of KOP is given
- takes a long time to develop the kinaesthesis
give advantages of knowledge of performance ?
- important for learning to take place or performer needs to know they were successful in order to learn
- important for beginners
- important for experts
- can increase motivation/focus/confidence
- satisfaction felt when successful KOR will strengthen s-r bond
- effective when linked to KOP to develop skills/ motivate performers
- measurable and objective
give disadvantages to knowledge of results ?
- can demotivate by focusing on results more than process
- if result is unsuccessful, perfomer may feel feedback is negative despite the fact they may have improved aspects of performance
- result outcome doesn’t always effectively inform you about how well you have done
- can strengthen incorrect s-r bond
- can only be used once performance is completed
- isn’t as effective in some closed skills where success measure is technique
- can be too statistics based
