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GIGU > Peritoneal Cavity and Mesenteries > Flashcards

Peritoneal Cavity and Mesenteries Flashcards

1
Q

Boundaries of the peritoneal cavity

A

Anterior abd wall
Post abd wall
Resp diaphragm
Floor of pelvic cavity

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2
Q

What does the peritoneum consist of (functionally)?

A

single layer of squamous epithelium on CT

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3
Q

What lines the inner surfaces of the abd walls?

A

parietal peritoneum

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4
Q

What covers many abd organs?

A

visceral peritoneum

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5
Q

What moistens peritoneum?

A

serous fluid (peritoneal)

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6
Q

Is the peritoneal cavity empty?

A

Yes–>except for peritoneal fluid

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7
Q

What situations fill the peritoneal cavity?

A

air during surgery

ascites

pus accumulation s/t infection

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8
Q

What are the functions of the peritoneum?

A
  • produce peritoneal fluid
  • minimize friction between abd organs
  • resist infection
  • storage of fat (greater omentum)
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9
Q

What does the peritoneum do in response to injury or infection?

A
  • produce fluid containing antibodies
  • produce leukocytes
  • wall off/localizes infection
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10
Q

What are the subdivisions of the peritoneal cavity?

A
  • lesser sac or omental bursa

- greater sac

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11
Q

Where is the lesser sac/omental bursa located?

A

posterior to lesser omentum, stomach and caudate lobe of liver

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12
Q

What is the communication between the omenal bursa/lesser sac and greater omentum?

A

epiploic foramen

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13
Q

What are the borders of the epiploic foramen?

A

anterior: hepatoduodenal L
superiorly: reflection of peritoneum from caudate lobe onto front of IVC
inferiorly: duodenum
posteriorly: parietal peritoneum covering IVC

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14
Q

How do you get to the greater sac?

A

Incision through anterior/lateral abdominal wall

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15
Q

Is the peritoneal cavity in males closed?

A

Yes

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16
Q

Is the peritoneal cavity in females closed?

A

No

–> communication between uterine tube, cavity and vagina to external world

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17
Q

Why do women have potential pathway for infection from external world to the peritoneal cavity?

A

The peritoneal cavity is open via vagina, uterine tubes and cavity

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18
Q

Generally, what are the 4 parts of the peritoneum?

A

1: Mesentery
2: Omentum
3: Ligaments
4: Peritoneal recesses

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19
Q

What causes peritonitis?

A

bacterial contamination via penetrating abd wound or rupture of organ

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20
Q

What is peritonitis?

A

inflammation of peritoneum

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21
Q

What are the sx of peritonitis?

A 
severe abd pain
tenderness
nausea, vomiting
FEVER
constipation
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22
Q

What is ascites?

A

excess peritoneal fluid

23
Q

What can cause ascites?

A 
mechanical injury
portal HTN
cancer mets to abd
starvation
cirrhosis (main)
24
Q

What is a frequent complication of ascites?

A

Subphrenic abscess

25
Q

How does ascitic fluid spread infection?

A

via paracolic gutters

—>lateral to asc and desc colon

26
Q

Can infection spread from the pelvis to the subphrenic recess?

A

Yes–>via paracolic gutters

27
Q

Where is the subphrenic recess?

A

between the diaphragm and the liver

28
Q

What can cause fluid in the omental bursa/lesser sac?

A
  • perforated posterior stomach wall
  • pancreatitis
  • injured pancreas
29
Q

What is the peritoneal recess?

A

pouch of peritoneum formed by a peritoneal fold

–> inferior recess of omental bursa (b/t layers of greater omentum)

30
Q

What ligament attaches the liver to the ant abd wall?

A

Falciform L

31
Q

What ligament attaches the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver?

A

Hepatogastric L

32
Q

What ligament attaches the first part of the duodenum to the liver?

A

Hepatoduodenal L

33
Q

What ligaments make up the lesser omentum?

A

Hepatogastric L

Hepatoduodenal L

34
Q

What ligament attaches the fundus of the stomach to the diaphragm?

A

Gastrophrenic L

35
Q

What ligament attaches the stomach to the hilum of the spleen?

A

Gastrosplenic L

36
Q

What ligament attaches the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon?

A

Gastrocolic L

37
Q

What ligament is the apron-like part of the greater omentum?

A

Gastrocolic L

38
Q

What ligaments make up the greater omentum?

A

Gastrophrenic L
Gastrosplenic L
Gastrocolic L

39
Q

What are double-layered folds of peritoneum that attach organs to each other?

A

Ligaments of peritoneum

40
Q

What is a mesentery that extends from the stomach to adjacent organs?

A

Omentum

41
Q

What attaches the lesser curvature of the stomach and first part of the duodenum to the liver?

A

Lesser omentum

42
Q

What attaches the greater curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum to the transverse colon?

A

Greater omentum

43
Q

What is the mesentery attached to?

A

posterior abd wall where BV and N originate

44
Q

What is a double-layered membrane of peritoneum that provides a channel for BV and N to travel to abd organs?

A

mesentery

45
Q

What is the difference between mesentery and omentum?

A

Both part of peritoneum

–>omentum is a type of mesentery that attaches the stomach to other organs

–>mesentery is broad term of peritoneum that conveys BV and N to organs

46
Q

Intraperitoneal vs Retroperitoneal

A

Intraperitoneal
–>completely covered with visceral peritoneum, free moving

Retroperitoneal
—> partial covered by visceral peritoneum, fused to body wall

47
Q

What are the retroperitoneal organs?

A

SADPUCKER

–>suprarenal gland, aorta/IVC, duodenum (2-4), pancreas (except tail), ureters, ascending and descending colon, kidneys, esophagus, rectum

48
Q

What does the transverse mesocolon divide?

A

Greater sac into supracolic and infracolic compartments

49
Q

What compartments make up the greater sac?

A

Supracolic

Infracolic

50
Q

What organs are in the supracolic compartment?

A

Stomach
Liver
Spleen

51
Q

What organs are in the infracolic compartment?

A

SI
Asc colon
Desc colon

52
Q

Describe the attachments of the transverse mesocolon?

A

from TC to post abd wall

–>lies in front of the head and body of pancreas to enclose TC

53
Q

What are paracolic gutters examples of?

A

peritoneal recess

54
Q

What are ligaments examples of in the abd?

A

peritoneal fold

GIGU (37 decks)

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