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Neurology SOH > Peripheral Neuropathies > Flashcards

Peripheral Neuropathies Flashcards

1
Q

There is involvement with the CNS (brain and spinal cord). True or false?

A

False

- no involvement with CNS

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2
Q

Where does the PNS start?

A

Spinal nerve root

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3
Q

Large motor fibre neuropathy - symptoms
Power - increased/normal/reduced
Sensation - normal/abnormal
Reflexes - present/absent

A

Symptoms: weakness, unsteadiness, wasting, lack of muscle control

Power: Reduced

Sensation: Normal

Reflexes: Absent

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4
Q

Large sensory fibre neuropathy - symptoms
Power - increased/normal/reduced
Sensation - normal/abnormal
Reflexes - present/absent

A

Symptoms: Numbness, paraesthesia

Power - Normal

Sensation: Vibration and JPS reduced

Reflexes: Absent

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5
Q 
Small fibre neuropathy - 
symptoms 
Power - increased/normal/reduced
Sensation - normal/abnormal 
Reflexes - present/absent
A

Symptoms: pain, dyesthesia

Power: Normal

Sensation: pin prick and temperature reduced

Reflexes: Present

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6
Q

The term “radiculopathy” is used if the damage is where?

A

Nerve root is damaged

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7
Q

The term “plexopathy” is used if the damage is where?

A

Nerve plexus is damaged

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8
Q

Plexopathy - presentation

A

Unilaterally paralysed but often recover

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9
Q

There term “peripheral neuropathy” is used if the damage is where?

A

Peripheral nerve is damaged

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10
Q

What are the 3 main types of peripheral neuropathy

A

Mononeuropathy
Mononeuritis multiplex
Length dependent peripheral neuropathy

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11
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome is an example of:
Mononeuropathy
Mononeuritis multiplex
Length dependent peripheral neuropathy

A

Mononeuropathy

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12
Q

Mononeuritis multiplex - clinical features

A

Asymmetrical
painful
Isolated damage to at least 2 separate nerve areas

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13
Q

Wrist drop + foot drop is an example of:
Mononeuropathy
Mononeuritis multiplex
Length dependent peripheral neuropathy

A

Mononeuritis multiplex

- as there is isolated damage to at least 2 separate nerve areas

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14
Q

Length dependent peripheral neuropathy may have which type of distribution?

A

Glove and stocking distribution

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15
Q

Mononeuritis multiplex is asymetrical/symetrical?

A

Asymmetrical

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16
Q

Length dependent peripheral neuropathy has symmetrical/asymmatrical distribution?

A

Symmetrical

17
Q

Name 2 ways in which peripheral nerves can be damaged?

A

Axonal loss

Demyelination

18
Q

Nerve damage: axonal loss is treatable. True or false?

A

False

- untreatable

19
Q

Nerve damage: demyelination. name 2 acute demyelination disorders

A

Guillaine Barre Syndrome

Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy

20
Q

Management of demyelinating neuropathies

A

IV Ig
Steroids
Immunosuppressants

21
Q

Patient presents with rapidly progressive paraplegia, pain, weakness, unsteadiness, paraesthesia and dysphagia. What is the likely diagnosis?

A

Guylaine barre syndrome (GBS)

22
Q

GBS - is the most common form of neuromuscular paralysis. True or false?

A

True

23
Q

GBS - definition

A

There is acute demyelination of the PNS

24
Q

GBS - who gets it

A

Young adults mainly

25
Q

GBS - examination findings

A

Findings may be normal in the initial phase
Reduced reflexes -> absent
Reduced tone

26
Q

GBS - management

A

IV Ig
Plasma exchange
Steroids
Physiotherapy

27
Q

What was “hereditary neuropathy” formerly known as?

A

Charcot marie tooth

28
Q

Patient presents with clawed hands, high arched for and champagne bottle deformity of the calves. What is the likely diagnosis?

A

Hereditary neuropathy

29
Q

Pseudoathetosis - definition

A

Abnormal writing movements of the fingers caused by loss of proprioception

30
Q

GBS - clinical features

A

Acute onset ascending weakness of all 4 limbs
Loss of reflexes
Sensory symptoms

31
Q

A 50yo man presents complaining of pain in both his feet. He describes the pain as burning. O/E he has 5/5 power in both legs and feet however has reduced sensation up to his mid shins. What is the likely diagnosis?

A

Diabetic neuropathy
- Glove and stocking sensory disturbance with no motor involvement is indicative of diabetic neuropahty. Check for ulcers

32
Q 
Foot drop is caused by a mononeuropathy affecting which nerve?
Obturator nerve
Common fibulae nerve
Tibial nerve
Sciatic nerve
Femoral nerve
A

Common fibulae nerve

33
Q 
Wrist drop is caused by a mononeuropathy affecting which nerve?
Radial
Axillary
Ulnar
Median
Musculocutaneous
A

Radial nerve

34
Q 
Which of the following (multiple) would be caused by a mononeuropathy affecting 5e sciatic nerve?
Weakness of knee extension
Weakness of knee flexion
Weakness of ankle Doris/plantar flexion 
Weakness of hip flexion 
Loss of ankle jerk reflex
A

Weakness of ankle Dorsi/plantar flexion
Loss of ankle jerk reflex
Weakness of knee flexion

35
Q 
Which of the following would be caused by a mononeuropathy affecting the femoral nerve?
Weakness of knee flexion 
Weakness of knee extension
Loss of ankle jerk reflex
Loss of patellar reflex 
Weakness of hip flexion
A

Loss of patellar reflex
Weakness of hip flexion
Weakness of knee extension

Neurology SOH (31 decks)

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