Head Injury Flashcards
Primary head injury is reversible. True or false?
False
Primary head injury - there is immediate/delayed change in conscious level?
Immediate
Name 3 types of primary head injury
Scalp lesions
Skull fractures
Surface contusions
Scalp lesions - examples
Bruising
Lacterations
Bleeding
Skull fractures - type
Linear
Compound
Depressed
Linear skull fracture
Straight sharp fracture that may cross sutures
A linear skull frcture to the squamous portion of ______ bone can rupture the ____ _____ artery and cause ____ _______
- Temporal bone
- Middle meningeal artery
- Exdradural Haematoma
Compound skull fracture is associated with full thickness scalp lacerations. True or false?
True
What is a surface contusion
Bruises caused by tissue damage following severe compressive strains
Surface contusions are usually symmetrical. True or false?
False
2 types of surface contusions
Coup
Contra-coup
When does diffuse axonal injury occur?
At the moment of injury
Secondary head injury is potentially treatable. True or false?
True
Secondary injury - mechanisms
Intracranial haematoma Raised ICP Hypoxia/ischaemia Oedema Infection
Coup occurs to the brain at the non-impact side. True or false?
False
- coup occurs to the brain on the side of impact
Contra-coup occurs to the brain opposite the point of impact (at the non-impact side). True or false?
True
In fast moving objects, the extent of injury can be greater. True or false?
True
Missile injury
Penetrating
Non-missile injury
Blunt
Missile injury is focal/diffuse damage?
Focal damage
Give an example of non-missile injury
Falling off a bike and landing on head
The shorter the contact time, the smaller/larger the force
Larger
Causes of blunt injury
RTA
Falls
Assaults
Alcohol
What is the most important type of brain damage due to blunt injury?
Diffuse axonal injury
Traumatic intracranial haematoma - most are intradural/extradural
Intradural
