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Biomedical Science 1 > Periodontal Ligament and Eruption > Flashcards

Periodontal Ligament and Eruption Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the PDL?

A

Dense fibrous CT which occupies the periodontal space between the cementum and alveolar bone

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2
Q

From where is the PDL derived?

A

Dental follicle

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3
Q

What causes the periodontal space to be reduced?

A

Non-functioning teeth or unerupted teeth

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4
Q

What causes the periodontal space to increase?

A

When teeth are subjected to heavy occlusal stress

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5
Q

Is the PDL narrower in permanent or deciduous teeth?

A

Permanent

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6
Q

Name 4 functions of the PDL

A
  1. Tooth support
  2. Attaining and maintaining functional tooth position
  3. Maintain and repair alveolar bone and cementum
  4. Mechanoreceptors are involved in neurological control of mastication
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7
Q

What are the 5 cell types found in the PDL?

A
  1. Fibroblasts
  2. Mesenchymal cells
  3. Epithelial cells
  4. Defence cells
  5. Cementoblasts / Osteoblasts
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8
Q

What is the predominant cell type of the PDL?

A

Fibroblasts

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9
Q

Why can epithelial cells be found in the PDL?

A

They are remainders of the development root sheath of Hertwig

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10
Q

What are 3 substances which form the ground substance of the PDL?

A
  1. GAGs
  2. Proteoglycans
  3. Glycoproteins
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11
Q

Describe the overall composition of the PDL

A

Collagen Type I - 80%
Collagen Type III - 10%
Oxytalan fibres - 10%

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12
Q

What are collagen fibres found in the PDL referred to as?

A

Sharpey’s fibres

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13
Q

Where do Sharpey’s fibres insert?

A

Cementum and periosteum of alveolar bone

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14
Q

What are interstitial spaces?

A

Spaces which exist between the bundle of Sharpey’s fibres in the PDL

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15
Q

What 3 things are contained in the interstitial spaces?

A
  1. Blood vessels
  2. Nerves
  3. Oxytalan
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16
Q

What can lead to the development of scurvy?

A

Lack of vitamin C which can cause abnormal collagen production in PDL

17
Q

Where is the blood supply to the PDL derived from?

A

Appropriate superior and inferior alveolar arteries

18
Q

Where do the arteries supplying the PDL enter?

A

Series of perforation arteries passing through alveolar bone

19
Q

What are 2 sensory fibres associated with innervation of the PDL?

A
  1. Nociception

2. Mechanoreception

20
Q

What is the main role of mechanoreceptors.

A

Masticatory reflexes

21
Q

What is the definition of tooth eruption?

A

The process where a tooth moves axially from its developmental position within alveolar crypt of jaw to functional position in oral cavity

Biomedical Science 1 (19 decks)

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