Perio Flashcards by David Jack

Describe the Mini Sickle

Red
Double ended point scales with two cutting edges on each blade
Triangular cross-section
Used in buccal and lingual surfaces supragingivally

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Describe the Colombia Curette

Red
Double ended universal curette with two cutting edges on each blade
Semi-circular cross section
Used subgingivally anywhere in the mouth but with limited access to deep pockets

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Describe the Grey Gracey Curette (1-2)

Double ended curette, each blade having a single cutting edge
Used for fine/deep subgingival scaling of anterior teeth

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Describe the Green Gracey Curette (7-8)

Double ended, each blade having a single cutting edge

Used for fine/deep scaling of buccal and lingual surfaces of posterior teeth

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Describe the Orange Gracey Curette (11-12)

Double ended curette, each blade having a single cutting edge
Used for fine/deep subgingival scaling of mesial surfaces of posterior teeth

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Describe the Blue Gracey Curette (13-14)

Double ended curette, each blade having a single cutting edge
Used for fine/deep subgingival scaling of distal surfaces of posterior teeth

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Describe the Yellow Hoe Scaler (134-135)

Double ended scaler, each blade having a single cutting edge

Used for gross supra and subgingival scaling on buccal and lingual surfaces

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Describe the Red Hoe Scaler (156-157)

Double ended scaler, each blade having a single cutting edge

Used for gross supra and subgingival scaling on mesial and distal surfaces

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In Gracey Curettes, what’s the angle between the lower shank and the face of the blade?

110°

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In Gracey Curettes, what’s the angle between the face of the blade and the tooth?

70°

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In Hoe Scalers, what’s the angle between the lower shank and the face of the blade?

100°

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In Hoe Scalers, what angle is the cutting edge bevelled at?

45°

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What different probes are used in perio patients?

CPITN/BPE Probe
PCP 12 Probe
UNC Probe
William’s Probe
Naber’s Probe

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Describe a BPE Probe

0.5mm ball point end

Black band from 3.5 - 5.5mm

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Describe a PCP 12 Probe and state when it is used

Black bands from 3-6mm and 9-12mm

Used for 6 point pocket charts

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Describe a UNC probe

Bands every mm from 1-15

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Describe a William’s probe

Black bands from 1-3, 5 and 7-10mm

What is a Naber’s probe used for

Used for measuring furcation areas

Describe a BPE score of 0

Black band of CPITN probe is completely visible
No probing depths of >3.5mm
No bleeding on probing
No plaque retentive factors
No need for periodontal treatment

Describe a BPE score of 0

Black band of CPITN probe is still completely visible
No probing depths >3.5mm
No plaque retentive factors
No bleeding on probing
No need for periodontal treatment

Describe a BPE score of 1

Black band of CPITN probe is still completely visible
No probing depths >3.5mm
No plaque retentive factors
Bleeding on probing
Treatment - OHI

Describe a BPE score of 2

Black band of CPITN probe still completely visible
No probing depths of >3.5mm
Plaque retentive factors
Bleeding on probing
Treatment - OHI, removal of plaque retentive factors including all supra and subgingival calculus

Describe a BPE score of 3

Black band of CPITN probe partially visible
Probing depths of between 3.5 and 5.5mm
Bleeding can occur
Plaque retentive factors often present
Treatment - OHI, RSD

Describe a BPE score of 4

Black band of CPITN probe no longer visible
Probing depths greater than 6mm
Bleeding can occur
Plaque retentive factors often present
Treatment - OHI, RSD, assess the need for more complex treatment, referral to a specialist may be needed

Describe furcation involvement and how it’s treated

Measure of intra-radicular bone loss Use a Naber’s probe to assess and grade it 1-3 Treatment - OHI, RSD, assess the need for more complex treatment, referral to a specialist may be required

What is a 6 point pocket chart?

A specialist investigation used to gather more information about the level of periodontal disease the patient has

When should a 6PPC be taken?

A full mouth 6PPC if any sextant scores a BPE 4/* or if more than one sextant scores a BPE 3

Which teeth surfaces are examined in a 6PPC?

Palatal/Lingual: Mesial Distal Mid Buccal: Mesial Mid Distal

What does a 6PPC Measure?

``` Position of Gingival Margin Probing Depths Clinical Attachment Loss Bleeding on Probing Mobility Furcation Involvement ```

What is there position of the gingival margin and how is it measured?

Where the gingiva sits in relation to the ACJ | Measured using the PCP12 probe

What are probing depths and how are they measured?

The depth of the periodontal pocket being measured | Measure from the base of the pocket to the gingival margin using a PCP12 probe

What is Clinical Attachment Loss?

A measure of how much supporting tissue attachment has been lost in relation to periodontal health where there would be little/no attachment loss

How is clinical attachment loss calculated?

By adding the position of the gingival margin to the probing depths

What is important to note during the calculation of clinical attachment loss?

Sometimes the gingival margin can sit coronal to the ACJ (swelling hyperplasia etc.) In this case, the position of the gingival margin is given a negative value

How is tooth mobility measured?

With the ends of two rigid instruments eg - mirror and probe, or with one instrument and a finger

Describe a tooth mobility score of 0

‘Physiological’ mobility measured at the crown level | The tooth is mobile within the alveolus to approximately 0.1 - 0.2mm in a horizontal direction

Describe a tooth mobility score of 1

Increased mobility of the crown of the tooth, at the most, 1mm in a horizontal direction

Describe a tooth mobility score of 2

Visuallly increased mobility of the crown of the tooth exceeding 1mm in a horizontal direction

Describe a tooth mobility score of 3

Severe mobility of the crown of the tooth in both horizontal and vertical directions, impinging on the function of the tooth

How is furcation involvement measured?

In thirds: Grade 1 = 1/3 of the tooth width Grade 2 = 2/3 of the tooth width Grade 3 = 3/3 or 100% of the tooth width