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Oral board studying Prep book > Perinatal infections > Flashcards

Perinatal infections Flashcards

1
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of perinatal toxoplasmosis infection?

A

1.Intracranial calcifications
2. Chorioretinitis
3. Hepatosplenomegaly
4. Hearing loss
5. Mental retardation

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2
Q

When is transmission of perinatal toxoplasmosis the highest in pregnancy?

A

3rd trimester (60%)

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3
Q

When is transmission of perinatal toxoplamosis the lowest in pregnancy?

A

1st trimester (15%)

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4
Q

When is the severity of disease for perinatal toxoplasmosis the highest in pregnancy?

A

1st trimester

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5
Q

When is the severity of disease for perinatal toxoplasmosis the lowest in pregnancy?

A

3rd trimester

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6
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of perinatal cytomegalovirus infection?

A
  1. Chorioretinitis
  2. Hepatosplenomegaly
  3. IUGR
  4. Fetal hydrops
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7
Q

When is transmission of perinatal cytomegalovirus the highest in pregnancy?

A

3rd trimester

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8
Q

When is transmission of perinatal cytomegalovirus the lowest in pregnancy?

A

1st trimester

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9
Q

When is the severity of disease for perinatal cytomegalovirus the highest in pregnancy?

A

1st trimester

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10
Q

When is the severity of disease for perinatal cytomegalovirus the lowest in pregnancy?

A

3rd trimester

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11
Q

How does the parvovirus work during pregnancy?

A

Replicates in the bone marrow and causes anemia, heart failure and hydrops

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12
Q

What is the vertical transmission rate for parvovirus?

A

25%

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13
Q

What is the vertical transmission rate for cytomegalovirus?

A

3%

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14
Q

What are the effects if you get parvovirus infection in the 1st trimester?

A

spontaneous abortion

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15
Q

What are the effects if you get parvovirus infection in the 2nd or 3rd trimester?

A

IUFD or hydrops

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16
Q

How does parvovirus present during pregnancy?

A

Most are asymptomatic infections

Could have rash, arthritis, flu like symptoms

17
Q

How do you treat parvovirus infection in pregnancy?

A

weekly ultrasounds for 2 months post exposure/infection looking for hydrops

If hydrops present should receive transfusion

18
Q

What are the maternal effects of varicella infection during pregnancy?

A
  1. Chickenpox
  2. Varicella pneumonia
  3. Encephalitis
  4. Shingles
19
Q

What are the fetal effects of varicella infection during pregnancy?

A
  1. Spontaneous abortion
  2. IUFD
  3. Varicella embryopathy
20
Q

What trimester is varicella pneumonia most common in?

A

3rd trimester

21
Q

How do you treat varicella pneumonia?

A

IV acyclovir and ICU admission

22
Q

When is there a high risk of mortality for the neonate with maternal varicella infection?

A

If infection occurs <5 days from delivery

23
Q

How do you diagnose varicella in pregnancy?

A

Clinical diagnosis
History of exposure and presence of rash
PCR of vesicular fluid
ELISA for IgM and IgG

24
Q

Can you give varicella vaccine during pregnancy?

25
Q

How long should you defer pregnancy if you have received the varicella vaccine?

26
Q

How do you contract the zika virus?

A

Transmitted via sex (vagina, oral, anal), materno-fetal, blood, body fluids

27
Q

What are the symptoms of zika virus?

A

Most women are asymptomatic
Fever, rash, conjunctivitis, myalgia, arthralgia

28
Q

Who should be screened for zika virus during pregnancy?

A
  1. Potential exposure
  2. Symptoms
  3. Traveled to endemic area
29
Q

How do you diagnose zika virus?

A

IgM testing and NAT of serum and urine

30
Q

What is the treatment of zika virus?

A

PREVENTION

31
Q

If contemplating conception after exposure to zika virus how long should you wait?

A

Female exposed–>8 weeks
Male exposed–> 6 months

32
Q

What is the management if patient is positive for zika virus during pregnancy?

A

Serial ultrasounds for growth and anatomy
MFM and ID consults
Inform pediatric team

33
Q

What are the clinical symptoms for listeria in pregnancy?

A

GI or flu like symptoms

34
Q

What are the fetal effects of listeria infection during pregnancy?

A

Fetal loss
Preterm labor

35
Q

What are the neonatal effects of listeria infection during pregnancy?

A

Sepsis
Meningitis
death

36
Q

How do you diagnose listeria infection during pregnancy?

A

Blood culture

37
Q

How do you treat listeria infection during pregnancy?

A

High dose IV ampicillin for 14 days

38
Q

How do you treat listeria infection during pregnancy if PCN allergic?

A

Trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole

39
Q

How do you decide who needs testing and treatment for listeria infection in pregnancy?

A

Asymptomatic= no testing or treatment just observation for 2 months

Mildly symptomatic, no fever= send blood culture and treat if positive

Febrile with or without symptoms= test and treat simultaneously

Oral board studying Prep book (50 decks)

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