People Units 8-10 Flashcards
Locus of control
Julian Rotter
trait theory of personality; 3 levels of traits: cardinal, central, and secondary
Gordon Allport
Described human development as 8 psychosocial stages and each stage involves a crisis which must be resolved before a person can successfully move on to the next stage.
Eric Erikson
Hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
Austrian physician whose work focused on the unconscious causes of behavior and personality formation; founded psychoanalysis.
1856-1939; Field: psychoanalytic, personality; Contributions: id/ego/superego, reality and pleasure principles, ego ideal, defense mechanisms (expanded by Anna Freud), psychoanalysis, transference
Sigmund Freud
1875-1961; Field: neo-Freudian, analytic psychology; Contributions: people had conscious and unconscious awareness; archetypes; collective unconscious; libido is all types of energy, not just sexual; Studies: dream studies/interpretation
Carl Jung
neo-Freudian, psychodynamic; criticized Freud, stated that personality is molded by current fears and impulses, rather than being determined solely by childhood experiences and instincts, neurotic trends; concept of “basic anxiety”
Karen Horney
neo-Freudian, psychodynamic; Contributions: inferiority complex, organ inferiority; Studies: birth order influences personality
Alfred Adler
Founder of humanistic psychology; personality = real and ideal self
Carl Rodgers
Famous for the Bobo Doll experiments on observational learning & influence in the Socio-Cognitive Perspective
Albert Bandura
Hierarchy of needs
Abraham Manslow
used direct observation and experimentation to study sexual response cycle (4 stages
William Masters
swallowed a balloon to prove stomach contracts when you feel hunger
A.L. Washburn
choking under pressure
Roy Beaumeister
came up with the self perception theory?
Daryl Bem
