Penile cancer Flashcards
What are some risk factors for penile cancer?
40s- 50s
Phimosis
Geography - Asia, Africa, South America
HPV 16 and 18
Smoking
Immunocompromised
Histopathology of HPV related penile cancer vs non-HPV related penile cancer
Differentiated = Non-HPV
Dedifferentiated = HPV
What is the most common form of penile cancer?
Squamous cell carcinoma (Skin) - 95%
What are some other forms of penile cancer?
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Basal cell carcinoma
Malignant melanoma
Sarcoma
What is penile intraepithelial neoplasia?
A rare, pre-cancerous disease of the epidermis of the penis
What are some sites of penile cancer?
- Glans - 48%
- Prepuce (Foreskin) - 21%
- Glans and prepuce - 9%
- Coronal culcus - 6%
- Shaft - 2%
How will penile cancer usually present?
Hard, painless lump
Rarely urinary retention or groin mass (Inguinal lymphadenopathy)
Why is penile cancer often delayed in presentation?(10-15%)
Embarrassment, neglect, fear or ignorance
What investigations are required in penile cancer?
- Biopsy
- MRI to assess tumour depth
- CT abdo, pelvis, chest in advanced disease
How is prepucial penile cancer managed?
Circumcision
How is glans penile cancer managed?
glans resurfacing if superficial, glansectomy if deep
How is advanced penile cancer managed?
Total penile amputation with formation of perineal urethrostomy (Corpus spongiosum kept and turned into urethra - Pee sitting down)
