Penicillins Flashcards
Examples of penicillinase-resistant penicillins
Flucloxacillin
Examples of beta lactamase sensitive abx
Pen V (phenoxy)
Pen G (benzylpen)
Broad spec penicillin
Amoxicillin
Co amoxiclav
Ampicillin
Antipseudomonal penicillins
Piperacillin
Ticarcillin
Mecillinam type penicillin
Pivmecillinam
Which penicillin to take on empty stomach
Ampicillin
Fluclox
Phenoxy
Side effects of penicillins
Hypersensitivity
Nausea
Vomiting
Hepatic disorders (especially with fluxloc and co amoxiclav)
Max duration of pens
14 days
Side effect of co amoxiclav
Cholestaic jaundice
Thrombocytopenia
Increased risk of infection
Abx causing c diff
Clindamycin
Cephalosporins
Flouroquinolones
Broad spec abx
PPI (not abx)
Side effect of fluclox
Cholestatic jaundice which can occur even 2 months after stopping treatment
Hepatitis
Penicillin mechanism of action
inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Why should you avoid intrathecal route with penicillins
Encephalopathy risk
What route is benzylpenicillin
IV
Amoxicillin rare side effect
Black hairy tongue
Which patients higher risk of anaphylactic with amoxicillin
Patients with atopic allergies like hayfever eczema or asthma
When to continue with penicillin rash
If occurs after 72 hours and not itchy or is small
What condition should avoid penicillins
Glandular fever
Abx colitis is common with what penicillins
Broad spec
(Cause build up of C diff - inflammation of colon)
When to refer patient on penicillin
Rash - sign of anaphylaxis
Penicillins interactions
WAM
Warfarin - increased bleed risk
Allopurinol - inc skin reaction risk
Methotrexate - inc toxicity as pens reduce excretion of methotrexate from kidneys
Minimum age for phenoxy
6 years
Benzylpenicllin (pen g) warning with injection
- Accumulation of sodium at injection site
- Inc risk of neurotoxicity with high dose - coma/convulsions
Phenoxy main indication
Respiratory infections
Phenoxy side effects
Neurotoxicity
Oral disorders
Increased infection risk
Coagulation disorder
Which penicillins cause macropapular rash
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin
Mechanism of Clauvanic acid
Beta lactamase inhibitor
Who should avoid fluclox
Hepatic disorders
Which abx cause cholestatic jaundice
Co amox
Fluclox
