Aminoglycosides

Question 1

What bacteria do they act on?

Answer 1

Negative

Question 2

What are examples of aminoglycosides

Answer 2

Gentamicn
Neomycin
Tobramycin
Streptomycin
Amikacin

NOT VANCOMYCIN

Question 3

What does pseudemonas aerigonsa cause

Answer 3

Pneumonia

Question 4

Which aminoglycosides used for penumonia

Answer 4

T A G

Question 5

What is streptomycin used for

Answer 5

Mycobacterium TB

Question 6

What is maximum duration of aminoglucosides

Answer 6

7 days

Question 7

Should aminoglycosides be used in pregnancy

Answer 7

no

Question 8

What route should aminoglycosides be administered via

Answer 8

IV only as absorbed by the gut

Question 9

Infections aminoglycosies can be used for

Answer 9

Endocarditis (gent with another abx)
Pyelenophritis (amikacin, gent)
Severe sepsis

Question 10

When organism unknown what should aminoglycosides be used in combo with

Answer 10

Penicillin
Metronidazole

Question 11

MOA of aminoglycosides

Answer 11

Inhibit protein synthesis

Question 12

Cautionary warning side effect of aminoglycosides

Answer 12

Nephrotoxcitiy
Ototoxicity

Question 13

Signs of nephrotoxicity

Answer 13

Increase creatine, decreased urine, protein/ hematuria
Swelling of ankles
Fatigue
SOB
Fluid retention

Question 14

Ototoxicity signs

Answer 14

Ringing in ears
Dizzy
Reduced hearing
Uncoordinated movements

Question 15

MHRA warning of aminoglyc

Answer 15

Histamine related adverse effect of specially in patients with histamine releasing drugs like opioids

Question 16

What drug causes increased ototoxicity with aminoglyc

Answer 16

Loop diuretics

Question 17

What drugs increases nephrotoxicity with aminoglyc

Answer 17

Ciclosporin
Vancomycin
Cephalosporin (cefalexin, cectriaxone - cefs)

Question 18

What to do with doses in renal impairment and aminoglycosides

Answer 18

Renal impairment increase dose interval

Severe impairment decrease dose

Question 19

When to monitor aminoglycoside in multiple dose regimen

Answer 19

After 1 hour of dose

Question 20

Contraindication of aminoycsoide

Answer 20

Myasthenia Gravis
(Uncoordinated muscle movement)

Question 21

What to monitor in aminoglycosides

Answer 21

Renal function
Vestibular function
Auditory function
Plasma conc

Question 22

Monitoring in which patients on aminoglycosides is needed more

Answer 22

Obese
Elderly
Renal impairment
High doses with cystic fibrosis
Increased dose or dose change
Those with parental route

Question 23

Warning signs of aminoglycsodies

Answer 23

Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Dehydration - ensure patient well hydrated before

Question 24

Max duration of treatment with aminoglycosides

Answer 24

7 days

Question 25

Why is Amikacin used

Answer 25

Least susceptible to enzyme inactivation and used in gentamicin resistant infections

Question 26

What route should be avoided with neomycin

Answer 26

PARENTERAL

Question 27

what route is seen with tobramycin

Answer 27

Inhaler / nebuliser

Question 28

Is vestibular damage reversible

Answer 28

no

Question 29

Range for once daily gentamicin

Answer 29

Peak 5-10 Trough < 2

Question 30

Range for multiple dose regimen in endocarditis

Answer 30

Peak 3-5 Trough <1

Question 31

Side effects of gentamicin

Answer 31

Nephrotoxicity Otoxicity Dizziness Depression Blood disorder Tinnitus N&v Neurotoxicity Skin reactions

Question 32

What to do in renal impairment with aminoglycosides

Answer 32

Renal impairment = reduce interval Severe impairment = reduce dose

Question 33

What indication causes multiple daily dose regimen in aminoglycosides

Answer 33

Endocarditis

Question 34

What creatinine clearance causes multiple dose regimen to be preferred

Answer 34

<20

Question 35

If a person is fat what to do with dose

Answer 35

Decrease aminoglycoside dose