Pelvis 2 Flashcards
What is the astrix indicating?
What is its function?
Perineal body is like a meeting point of lots of muscles and the perineal membrane.
What are the areas on the superior and inferior aspects of the perineal membrane?
What can be found in the deep perineal pouch of females vs males?
Duct opens into lateral wall of vagina.
In the males the gland is in the deep pouch and deep to perineal membrane it is called the bulbourethral gland which neutralises acidity in penile urethra.
What is the external female genitalia called?
Vulva.
What is the main branch supplying the pelvis?
Internal iliac artery.
Explain the arterial supply in this picture?
Internal divides into 2 trunks (posterior and anterior trunk).
Posterior trunk 3 branches which goes to the wall, upwards is iliolumbar, one on lateral side of sacrum is lateral sacral artery, the largest called the superior gluteal artery exits the inside of the pelvis to get to the posterior aspect between the lumbosacral trunk (L4 and L5) and S1.
Explain the arterial supply here?
Green lines are associated with bladder.
Superior vesical artery goes to superior part and fundus.
Inferior goes toward inferior part of bladder.
Superior vesical has a branch which goes to anterior wall called the umbilical artery. This occludes and forms the medial umbilical ligament after birth.
Red go to the wall of the pelvis. Inferior gluteal can go between S2 and S3 going toward gluteal region. Internal pudendal artery and divides to the inferior rectal artery, perineal artery, the penile/clitoral artery.
Obturator artery goes toward obturator canal with the obturator nerve to supply the medial side of the thigh.
The ones which aren’t highlighted go toward organs.
What are these arteries and what do they run in?
Uterine artery crosses the ureter in the lateral part of the cervix in the cervical ligaments.
Ovarian artery comes off the aorta at the level of L2 like the testicular artery.
Explain the venous drainage of the pelvis?
The pelvic lymph nodes drain to the _______ then to the _______.
Internal iliac nodes, then to the pre and paraaortic nodes.
What are the two major trunks of the lymphatics and when do they drain into? What parts of the body do these major branches drain?
2 major trunks in our body.
3/4 (lower limb, pelvis, abdomen and left side of thorax and head and neck) all go into the thoracic duct.
The lower limb structures all drain into the cisterna chyli which then go to the thoracic duct - this eventually drains in the junction of subclavian and internal jugular vein.
The right 1/4 drains into a small right lymphatic duct which drains into the equivalent position on the right side.
What does the sacral plexus supply? What roots is it from?
Supplies the lower limb, pelvis and perineum.
Mostly from S1-S4 but also contributions from L4-L5.
What is the nervous supply of the perineum? What path does this nerve supply?
It leaves the greater sciatic foramen and then re-enters the lesser sciatic foramen and splits into various branches.
Explain the inferior hypogastric plexus and what it supplies? (both sympathetic and parasympathetic).
Pelvic splanchnic (lateral horns S234) are responsible for parasympathetic supply to the pelvis. (these parasympathetic will go up and supply hindgut also).
Sympathetic supply comes from the sacral sympathetic trunks and the superior hypogastric plexus via the hypogastric nerve. All of the organs will be supplied by T10 - L2 branches.
Explain the parasympathetic supply, sypmathetic supply and pudendal contribution during sex.
Explain the nerves involved with micturition
