pelvis Flashcards
describe the false pelvis
related to the ilium, lower lumbar vertebrae
part of the abdomen
sigmoid colon, cecum
describe the true pelvis
related to pubis, ischium, sacrum
bound by inlet and outlet
urinary and reproductive organs
the sacrospinous ligament attachest to the sacrum and what other structure
ischial spine
what structures exit the greater sciatic foramen
Piriformis muscle Pudendal nerve Inferior gluteal nerve Superior gluteal nerve Sciatic nerve PPISS
what structure exits the lesser sciatic foramen
obturator internus muscle
what structure enters lesser sciatic foramen
pudendal nerve
what muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm
coccygeus +
levator ani: iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis
what is the innervation of the pelvic floor
oudendal nerve (S2-S4)
what symptoms are observed with a weakened pelvic floor
urinary incontinence
where is the perineum located
diamond-shape region inferior to the pelvic diaphragm
between the thighs
what is the function of the perineum
contains and support pelvic viscera (bladder, rectum, anal canal, reproductive organs)
anchor the roots of the external genitalia
where is the perineal body located and what is its function
between the urogenital and anal angle triangle
center point of the perineum
point of attachment for muscle fibers from the pelvic floor and perineum itself
what muscles are included in the superficial UG space
superficial transverse perineal
bulbospingiosus
what muscles are included in the deep space of the UG diaphragm muscles
external urethral sphincter
deep transverse perineal
what structures are contained in the anal triangle
anal aperture (opening) external anal sphincter ischio-anal fossae (2)
the perineal membrane divides the UG triangle into
deep perineal space
superficial perineal space
what muscles are contained in the superficial perineal space
ischiocavernosus
bulbospongiosus
superficial transverse perineal muscle
what erectile tissue/glands are contained in the superficial perineal space
crus of clitorus/penis
bulb of vestribule/clitorus/penis
perineal membrane
greater vestibular gland
what muscles are contained in the deep perineal space
deep transverse perineal muscle
external urethral spincter
what is the clinical significance of the external urethral sphincter muscle
urinary continence
what muscles are considered levator ani muscles
puborectalis
pubococcygeus
iliococcygeus
which of the following would be found within the superficial space?
s. deep transverse perineal muscle
d. greater vestibular glands
c. bulbourethral glands
d. sphincter urethrae muscle
greater vestibular glands
present in females
what is the nerve root of of the iliohyprgastric nerve
L1
what is the nerve root of the ilioinguinal nerve
L1
what is the nerve root of the genitofemoral nerve
L1-L2
what is the nerve root of the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve
L2-L3
what is the nerve root of the femoral nerve
L2-L4
what is the nerve root of the obturator nerve
L2-L4
what is the nerve root of the superior gluteal nerve
L4-S1
what is the nerve root for the inferior gluteal nerve
L5-S2
what is the nerve root for the sciatic nerve
L4-S3
what is the nerve roots of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
S1-S3
what is the nerve root for obturator inerns
L5-S2
what is the innervation of the quadratus frmoris
L4-S1
what is the nerve roots for the pudendal nerve
S2-S4
what structures are contained in the pudendal canal
pudendal nerve
internal pudendal artery
internal pudendal vein
what pelvic nerves are considered sympathetic
sacral splanchnic
hypogastric
what pelvic nerves are considered parasympathetic
pelvic splanchnic (S2-S4)
what is the function of the sympathetic/ sacral splanchnics/hypogastric nerves
vasoconstriction
contraction internal urethral and anal sphincters
ejaculation
what is the function of the parasympathetic/pelvic splanchnic nerves of the pelvis
vasodilation
stimulate bladder contraction for urination
stimulate defecation
stimulate erection
what nerve innervates the perineum
pudendal
somatic innervation
what artery arises from the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery
inferior gluteal artery
what artery does the ovarian artery arise from
directly from abdominal aorta
where does the iliolumbar artery arise from
posterior trunk of internal iliac artery
what is the order that urine takes starting at the nephron and ending at the urethra
renal tubules of nephron > collecting ducts > papillary ducts > minor calyces > major calyces > renal pelvis > ureter > urinary bladder > urethra
why are women more prone to UTIs than men?
the length of the urethra is longer in men vs women
what is the most common site of fertilization within the uterine tube
ampulla
what is the difference between the ovarian ligament and he suspensory ligament of ovary
the suspensory ligament of ovary contains the ovarian artery and vein
ovarian ligament contains no arteries or veins
what is the function of the mesosalpix ligament
suspends uterine tube
what is the function of the mesovarium ligament
attaches to the ovary and covers ovarian ligament
what is the function of the mesometrium ligament
extends from lateral pelvic wall to the body of uterus
