Cranial Nerves Flashcards
define nerve nuclei
collection of cell bodies
define ganglion
collection of cell bodies outside of the CNS
what considers a nerve as a cranial nerve
nerve that emerges through foramina or fissures in the cranium
covered by sheaths derived from the cranial membranes
name of CN I
olfactory
name of CN II
optic
name of CN III
oculomotor
name of CN IV
trochlear
name of CN V
trigeminal
name of CN VI
abducens
name of CN VII
facial
name of CN VIII
vestibulocochlear
name of CN IX
glossopharyngeal
name of CN X
vagus
name of CN XI
accessory/spinal accessory
name of CN XII
hyppglossal
where does the CN I/olfactory nerve arise from
nasal cavity/nasal mucosa
where is the location of the nerve cell bodies of the CN I/olfactory nerve
olfactory epithelium
what are deficits of CN I/olfactory nerve
anosmia: loss of smell
what is the function of CN II/optic nerve
special sensory - vision
is CN II/optic nerve sensory, motor, both
sensory
where are the location of the cell bodies for CN II/optic nerve
retinal ganglia
where is the CN II/optic nerve located
superior to the midbrain
what can occur with CN II deficits
visual deficits
what is the function of the medial rectus muscle
eye adduction
what is the function of the superior rectus muscle
up and inward movement of the eye
what is the function of the inferior oblique muscle
up and outward movement
what is the function of the lateral rectus muscle
eye abduction
what is the function of the superior oblique muscle
down and out
what cranial nerve supplies the lateral rectus muscle
CN VI
what cranial nerve supplies the superior oblique muscle
CN IV
what cranial nerve supplies the superior rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus, and medial rectus muscles
CN III
what is the function of CN III
pupil constriction - parasympathetic
lens accommodation for near vision/focus - parasympathetic
what is the ciliary muscle
surrounds the lens
relaxes and lens flattens - distant vision
where is the location of the nerve cell bodies for CN III/oculomotor nerve
midbrain
where can you find the CN III/oculomotor nerve
between midbrain and pons
what will occur with CN III deficit
ptosis: eyelid drooping, caused by paralysis of the levator palpebrae superioris
lateral strabismus - eye directed in and out
absent pupillary light reflex
dilated pupil
lack of lens accommodation
what is the function of the CN IV/trochlear nerve
eye muscle - superior oblique
is CN IV/trochlear nerve considered a sensory or motor nerve
motor
where is the location of the cell bodies of CN IV/trochlear nerve
posterior midbrain
where is the CN IV/trochlear nerve located
laterally between the cerebrum and the pons
what is the only CN to exit from the posterior/dorsal surface of the brainstem
CN IV/trochlear nerve
what will occur with deficits of the CN IV/trochlear nerve
superior oblique muscles weakness/paralysis
diplopia/double vision when looking down
what is the function of CN V/trigeminal nerve
skin sensation on the forehead, maxilla, mandible
innervation of muscles of mastication: temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid
what muscles of mastication closes the mouth
temporalis
masseter
medial pterygoid
what muscles of mastication close the mouth
lateral pterygoid
