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Clinical Anatomy > Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

define nerve nuclei

A

collection of cell bodies

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2
Q

define ganglion

A

collection of cell bodies outside of the CNS

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3
Q

what considers a nerve as a cranial nerve

A

nerve that emerges through foramina or fissures in the cranium
covered by sheaths derived from the cranial membranes

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4
Q

name of CN I

A

olfactory

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5
Q

name of CN II

A

optic

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6
Q

name of CN III

A

oculomotor

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7
Q

name of CN IV

A

trochlear

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8
Q

name of CN V

A

trigeminal

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9
Q

name of CN VI

A

abducens

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10
Q

name of CN VII

A

facial

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11
Q

name of CN VIII

A

vestibulocochlear

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12
Q

name of CN IX

A

glossopharyngeal

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13
Q

name of CN X

A

vagus

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14
Q

name of CN XI

A

accessory/spinal accessory

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15
Q

name of CN XII

A

hyppglossal

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16
Q

where does the CN I/olfactory nerve arise from

A

nasal cavity/nasal mucosa

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17
Q

where is the location of the nerve cell bodies of the CN I/olfactory nerve

A

olfactory epithelium

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18
Q

what are deficits of CN I/olfactory nerve

A

anosmia: loss of smell

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19
Q

what is the function of CN II/optic nerve

A

special sensory - vision

20
Q

is CN II/optic nerve sensory, motor, both

A

sensory

21
Q

where are the location of the cell bodies for CN II/optic nerve

A

retinal ganglia

22
Q

where is the CN II/optic nerve located

A

superior to the midbrain

23
Q

what can occur with CN II deficits

A

visual deficits

24
Q

what is the function of the medial rectus muscle

A

eye adduction

25
Q

what is the function of the superior rectus muscle

A

up and inward movement of the eye

26
Q

what is the function of the inferior oblique muscle

A

up and outward movement

27
Q

what is the function of the lateral rectus muscle

A

eye abduction

28
Q

what is the function of the superior oblique muscle

A

down and out

29
Q

what cranial nerve supplies the lateral rectus muscle

A

CN VI

30
Q

what cranial nerve supplies the superior oblique muscle

A

CN IV

31
Q

what cranial nerve supplies the superior rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus, and medial rectus muscles

A

CN III

32
Q

what is the function of CN III

A

pupil constriction - parasympathetic

lens accommodation for near vision/focus - parasympathetic

33
Q

what is the ciliary muscle

A

surrounds the lens

relaxes and lens flattens - distant vision

34
Q

where is the location of the nerve cell bodies for CN III/oculomotor nerve

A

midbrain

35
Q

where can you find the CN III/oculomotor nerve

A

between midbrain and pons

36
Q

what will occur with CN III deficit

A

ptosis: eyelid drooping, caused by paralysis of the levator palpebrae superioris
lateral strabismus - eye directed in and out
absent pupillary light reflex
dilated pupil
lack of lens accommodation

37
Q

what is the function of the CN IV/trochlear nerve

A

eye muscle - superior oblique

38
Q

is CN IV/trochlear nerve considered a sensory or motor nerve

A

motor

39
Q

where is the location of the cell bodies of CN IV/trochlear nerve

A

posterior midbrain

40
Q

where is the CN IV/trochlear nerve located

A

laterally between the cerebrum and the pons

41
Q

what is the only CN to exit from the posterior/dorsal surface of the brainstem

A

CN IV/trochlear nerve

42
Q

what will occur with deficits of the CN IV/trochlear nerve

A

superior oblique muscles weakness/paralysis

diplopia/double vision when looking down

43
Q

what is the function of CN V/trigeminal nerve

A

skin sensation on the forehead, maxilla, mandible

innervation of muscles of mastication: temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid

44
Q

what muscles of mastication closes the mouth

A

temporalis
masseter
medial pterygoid

45
Q

what muscles of mastication close the mouth

A

lateral pterygoid

Clinical Anatomy (14 decks)

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