PEDIATRICS Section I: Skull and Scalp Flashcards
premature fusion of one or several of the cranial sutures.
Craniosynostosis
Besides looking like a gremlin (or a cone- headed extraterrestrial forced to live as a typical suburban human), kids with Craniosynostosis can also have these
increased intracranial pressure, visual impairment, and deafness.
Craniosynostosis:
Frontal
Metopic
Craniosynostosis:
Frontal and parietal
Coronal
Craniosynostosis:
Parietal + Occitpital
Lambdoid
Craniosynostosis:
Parietal
Sagittal
Craniosynostosis:
Front to back
Frontal
Craniosynostosis:
Lateral to medial
Coronal adn Lambdoid
Craniosynostosis:
Sagittal
Back to front
Craniosynostosis order of Fusion
First (2-3 monhts: Metopic
Second: Coronal
Third: Lambdoid
Fourth: Sagittal
Normal Suture vs Early closure apperance
Normal: Serrated (sawtooth)
Early Closure: More dense and sharp, eventually will disappear completely.
What are idiopathic types of craniosynostosis?
Sagittal and UNIlateral craniosynostosis
Eyes are close together (hypotelorism)
Metopic Synostosis “Trigonocephaly”
Ethmoid sinuses underdeveloped
Metopic Synostosis “Trigonocephaly”
“Quizzical Eye” appearance
Metopic Synostosis “Trigonocephaly”
Medial part o f the orbit slants up
Metopic Synostosis “Trigonocephaly”
Single suture synostosis most frequently associated with cognitive disorders (growth restriction of the frontal lobes)
Metopic Synostosis “Trigonocephaly”
Diagnosis
“Harlequin Eye” in UNILATERAL Coronal Synostisis (Brachycephaly)
What is the common subtype of Coronal Synostosis?
Unilateral Subtype
“Frontal Bossing”
Unilateral Coronaral Synostosis (Brachycephaly)
Tall Cranium
Lambdoid (turricephaly)
Least common craniosynostosis
Lambdoid (Turricephaly)
Most common Craniosynostosis
Sagittal (Scaphocephaly/Doichocephaly)
Long, Narrow Head.
Looks like an upside-down boat.
Usually the kids have a normal IQ
Usually the kids do NOT have hydrocephalus
Sagittal (Sagittal (Scaphocephaly/Doichocephaly)
SAgittal craniosynostosis
Associated with Marfan’s
Sagittal (Scaphocephaly/Doichocephaly)
Also referred to as Kleeblattschadel for the purpose of fucking with you
Clover Leaf Skull Syndrome
enlargement of the head with a trilobed configuration, resembling a three-leaved clover.
Clover Leaf Skull Syndrome
Clover Leaf Skull Syndrome results from premature synostotis of what sutures?
Coronal and Lambdoid (Most common) sutrues
What is the most common finding of Clover Leaf Skull Syndrome?
Hydrocephalus
Clover Leaf Skull Syndrome is associated with what disease?
Thanatophoric dysplasia
Apert syndrome (severe)
Crouzon syndrome (severe)
Most associated Syndromes of craniosynostosis?
Apert’s and Crouzon’s.