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3. PEDIATRICS > PEDIATRIC Section 10: SOLID Organ GenitoUrinary > Flashcards

PEDIATRIC Section 10: SOLID Organ GenitoUrinary Flashcards

1
Q

Solid organ GU diseases in Neonates

A

Nephroblastomatosis
Mesoblastic Nephroma

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2
Q

Solid organ GU diseases around Age 4

A

Wilms (95% ofcases before age 10)
Wilms Variants
Lymphoma
Multilocular Cystic Nephroma

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3
Q

Solid organ GU diseases in Teenagers

A

RCC
Lymphoma

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4
Q

“Solid Tumor o fInfancy” (you can be bom with it)

A

Mesoblastic Nephroma

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5
Q

“Nephrogenic Rests” - left over embryologic crap that didn’t go away

Might turn into Wilms (bilateral wilms especially)

“Next Step” - f’u ultrasound till 7-8 years old

Variable appearance

A

Nephroblastomatosis

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6
Q

90% + Renal Tumors (95% o f cases before age 10)

A

Wilms

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7
Q

“Solid Tumor o f Childhood” - Never born with it

A

Wilms

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8
Q

Grows like a solid ball (will invade rather than incase)

A

Wilms

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9
Q

Most common metastasis to the pediatric lung

A

Wilms

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10
Q

Met to Bone

A

Clear Cell - Wilms

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11
Q

Brain Tumors
It fucks you up, it takes the money (it believes in nothing Lcbowski)

A

Rhabdoid - Wilms

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12
Q

Micheal Jackson Tumor (Young Boys, Middle Age Women) Big cysts that don’t communicate
Septal Enhancement
Can’t Tell it is not Cystic Wilms (next step = resection)

A

Multi-Cystic Nephroma

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13
Q

“Solid Tumor o fAdolescent” - most common in 2nd decade

A

Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)

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14
Q

RCC Subtype?
VHL (these RCCs are usually bilateral)

A

Clear Cell Subtype

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15
Q

RCC Subtype?
Prior Chemotherapy

A

Translocation RCC

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16
Q

RCC Subtype?
Sickle cell Trait

A

Medullary RCC

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17
Q

Non-Hodgkin
Multifocal

A

Renal Lymphoma

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18
Q

These are persistent nephrogenic rests beyond 36
weeks. It’s sorta normal (found in 1% of infants). But, it can be a precursor to Wilms so you follow it.

A

Nephroblastomatosis

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19
Q

When Wilms is bilateral, 99% of the time it had what?

A

But, it can be a precursor to Wilms so you follow it. When Wilms is bilateral, 99% of the time it had nephroblastomatosis first

It goes away on its own (normally).

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20
Q

Do you see necrosis in nephroblastomatosis?

A

It should NOT have necrosis - this makes
you think Wilms.

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21
Q

Appearance of Nephroblastomatosis

A

It has a variable appearance, and is often described as “homogeneous.” Although more commonly a focal homogeneous ball, the way it’s always shown in case conferences and case books is as a hypodense rind.

22
Q

“Solid renal tumor o f infancy.”

A

Mesoblastic Nephroma

23
Q

This is a fetal hamartoma, and generally benign.

It is the most common neonatal renal tumor (80% diagnosed in the first month on life).

A

Mesoblastic Nephroma

24
Q

Appearnace of Mesoblastic Nephroma?

A

Often involves the renal sinus. Antenatal ultrasound may have shown polyhydramnios.

25
Q

Renal mass that looks like Wilms but in <1y.o.

A

Mesoblastic Nephroma

26
Q

You have multiple tiny cysts forming in utereo.

A

Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney

27
Q

What you need to know in Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney

A
  1. No functioning renal tissue
  2. contralateral renal tract abnormalities occur like 50% of the time (most commonly UPJ obstruction).
28
Q

MCDK vs Bad Hydro?

A

In hydronephrosis, the cystic spaces are seen to communicate.

In difficult cases renal scinfigraphy can be useful. MCDK will show no excretory function.

29
Q

Age 0-3 + Multiple macroscopic cysts that DO NOT Communicate?

A

Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney

30
Q

This is by far the most common solid renal tumor of childhood. This is NOT seen in a newborn.

A

Wilms

Repeat, you can NOT be bom with this tumor.

31
Q

How does Wilms tumor spread?

A

Direct invasion

32
Q

Assosiacted Syndromes of Wims tumor

A

Overgrowth
1. Beckwith-Wiedemann
2. Sotos

Non Overgrowth
1. WAGR - Wilms, Aniridia, Genital, Growth Retardation
2. Drash -

33
Q

Wilms, Pseudohermaphroditism, Progressive Glomerulonephritis

A

Drash Syndrome

34
Q

Wilms + Omphalocele + Hepatoblastoma

A

Beckwith- Wiedemann

35
Q

What are the Wimls NEVERS?

A

NEVER Biopsy! - Seeds the tract and Ups the Stage

NEVER occurs before 2 months (But neuroblastoma can!

36
Q

Wilms + 1.y.o.? Think about this

A

Associated Syndromes

Hemihypertrophy
Hypospadias,
Cryptorchidism

37
Q

Rhabdoid =

A

“Terrible Prognosis” Associated with aggresive Rhabdoid tumors

38
Q

Clear cell =

A

likes to go to bones (lytic)

39
Q

“Non-communicating, fluid-filled locules, surrounded by thick fibrous capsule.”

NO solid component or necrosis

A

Multilocular Cystic Nephroma

40
Q

“protrudes into therenal pelvis”

A

Multilocular Cystic Nephroma

41
Q

Multilocular Cystic Nephroma occurs in what age group?

A

4 y.o. boys

40 y.o. women

Michel Jackson Lesion

42
Q

DIagnosis?

A

Multilocular Cystic Nephroma

Non-communicating, fluid-filled locules, surrounded by thick fibrous capsule. protruding into the pelvis

43
Q

This is the second most common renal malignancy of childhood

A

Rencal Cell CA (Wilms #1)

in ages 15-19

44
Q

RCC in kids vs RCC in adults

A

Both are enhancing solid masses

Kids = Translocation CA

Adults = Clear Cell RCC (#1 in adults, rare in kids

45
Q

Teenage + Clear cell RCC =

A

Screen for VHL (Von Hippel Lindau

46
Q

Common Hx in Translocation Carcinaoma RCC?

A

Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

47
Q

Lymphoa in the kidneys characteristic

A

NEVER primary + Hematogeneous spread or direct invation of another lymphoma

48
Q

Renal mass in a teenager

Diagnosis?

A

Lymphoma

49
Q

This is by far the most common malignant tumor of the bladder in kids.

A

Rhabdomyosarcoma

It is a cancer of “muscle” so you can find these almost anywhere in the body but ~ 20% of them occur in either the prostate or bladder.

50
Q

DIagnosis?

A

“botryoid.”

This is the one that looks like a bunch of grapes (supposedly).

51
Q

Most common location of Rhabdomyosarcoma

A

orbit and nasopharynx.

52
Q

By far the most common extra-testicular mass in young men and the only one really worth mentioning.

A

Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma

If you see a mass in the scrotum that is not for sure in the testicle this is it (unless the history is kick to the balls from a spiteful young lady -then you are dealing with a big fucking hematoma).

3. PEDIATRICS (32 decks)

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