Pediatrics MOST COMMON Flashcards
The most commonly used standards of Skeletal Maturation
Gruelich and Pyle
The most common skin disorder of infancy
Diaper Dermatitis
Psychosomatic illness – The most common conversion symptom.
Pseudoseizures
Most common cause of daytime enuresis in the preschool child
Waiting until the last minute to void urine (micturation deferral)
Anxiety Disorders – Obsessive-compulsive disorder:
Handwashing, continual checking of locks, and touching.
The most common compulsions are suicide and attempted suicide
Among preadolescents, jumping from heights is the most common method, followed by self-poisoning, hanging, stabbing and running into traffic.
The most common and most comprehensively studied of the learning disabilities
Dyslexia
The most common cause of underweight in infancy and may account for > ½ of the cases of FTT.
Nutritional neglect
The most common manifestation of child abuse and may be found on any body surface.
Bruises
The most common cause of death from physical abuse is
Head Trauma
The most common error in administering parenteral fluid during and after surgery
Excessive administration , particularly of dextrose in water, rather than use of isotonic solutions
The most common disorder of parathyroid function is transient physiologic hypoparathyroidism of the newborn infant, sometimes referred to as neonatal hypocalcemia.
Tetany
The most common cause of death during childhood beyond the first few months of life and represent one of the most important
causes of preventable pediatric morbidity and mortality
Injuries
This is the most common form of generalized albinism
OCA2 (Tyrosinase-Positive Albinism)
This is the most common inborn error of methionine metabolism
Homocytinuria due to cystathionine synthase deficiency (Homocystinuria Type I, Classic Homocystinuria)
This is the most common form of Nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH)
Nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) : Neonatal NKH
This is probably the most common of all urea cycle disorders.
Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) Deficiency
The most common presentation is an acute attack of life-threatening coma and hypoglycemia induced by a period of fasting
Disorders of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid oxidation
The most common of the fatty acid oxidation disorders.
Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD)
The most common inherited form of low HDL
Primary or familial hypoalphalipoproteinemia
Glycogen Storage Diseases: is the most common in adults
Myophosphorylase deficiency (type V, McArdle disease)
The most common genetic porphyria
Acute Intermittent Porphyria (AIP)
The most common cause of persistent hypoglycemia
Hyperinsulinism
This is the most common form of childhood hypoglycemia
Ketotic Hypoglycemia
The most common symptoms of Intracranial-Intraventricular hemorrhage
Diminished or absent Moro reflex, poor muscle tone, lethargy, and somnolence.
The most common and important emergency related to newborn infants in the delivery room
Failure to initiate and maintain respirations
The most common elective surgical procedure performed on newborn boys in the United States
Circumscision
The most common bacterial causes of neonatal meningitis are
Grp B Beta hemolytic strep, E. Coli and L. monocytogenes
Injectible progestin (Depo-Provera, DMPA): The most common side effect of DMPA is
Menstrual disturbance, either amenorrhea or abnormal vaginal bleeding
Emergency Contraception: The most commonly used form in the United States
Yuzpe method
Yuzpe Method
Consisting of combination pills totaling 200ug of “Ethinylestradiol” and 2.0 mg of “Norgestrel” or 1.0 mg “Levonorgestrel”
The most common side effect of Yuzpe Method
nausea (50%) and vomiting
The most common B-cell defect
Selective IgA deficiency
The most common form of Severe Combined Immuno Deficiency (SCID) in the United States
X-linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (XSCID)
The most common malignancy of childhood, and approximately 70% of cases cured by conventional chemotherapy
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
The most common extracranial solid tumor in children
Neuroblastoma
It is the most common cause of non-thrombocytopenic purpura in children
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
Anaphylactoid Purpura
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
It is a vasculitis of small vessels
Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP)
The most common (commonest) cause of traveler’s diarrhea
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)
The most common bacterial cause of nosocomial diarrhea
Clostridium difficile
The most common cause of death among children with sickle cell anemia
Infection
Viral Meningoencephalitis:
The most common arbovirus responsible for CNS infection in the United States are
St. Louis and California enceph virus
Eosinophilic Meningitis:
The most common cause of worldwide eosinophilic pleocytosis is
CNS infection with helminthic parasites
The most common cause is human infection with the rat lungworm
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
The most common cause of viral pneumonia, especially during infancy
RSV
The most common parasitic cause of diarrhea in the United States
Giardia lamblia
The most common hepatotropic virus that infects neonates, usually results in an asymptomatic infection.
HBV
In Osteomyelitis, is the most common infecting organism in all age groups, including newborns
Staphylococcus aureus
The most commonly acquired disorder resulting from a predominanatly T-lymphocyte defect
AIDS
Infections with primary phagocyte-neutrophil defects:
In Chédiak-Higashi syndrome, recurrent infection of the respiratory tract and skin are the most common sites of involvement. What is the most frequent cause of these infections.
Staphylococcus aureus
The most common cause of pyogenic infection of the skin
Staphylococcus aureus
The most common form of rat-bite fever in the United States is caused by
Streptobacillus moniliformis
The most common pathogen associated with CSF shunt meningitis
Staphylococcus epidermidis
The most common pathogen producing peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Staphylococcus epidermidis
The most frequent bacterial cause of bacteremia, pneumonia, and otitis media and the secondmost common cause of meningitis in infants and children
Streptococcus pneumoniae
The most common cause of meningitis in adults
Streptococcus pneumoniae
The most common form of skin infection due to group A β-hemolytic streptococci is
Superficial pyoderma (impetigo)
The most common eye infection in childhood
Conjunctivitis
The most common serotype causing Salmonella bacteremia in the United States
Salmonella typhimurium
Enteric Fever:
The most common mode of transmission
Ingestion of foods or water contaminated with human feces
