Pediatrics

Question 1

Atypical or walking pneumonia is caused by what pathogen?

Answer 1

mycoplasma

Question 2

a child with a fever lasting longer than 5 days should make you think of what diagnosis?

Answer 2

kawasaki syndrome

Question 3

a widely split fixed S2 should make you think of what diagnosis?

Answer 3

ASD

Question 4

List the five major jones criteria for diagnosing rheumatic fever.

Answer 4

polyarthritis, erythema marginatum, chorea, carditis, subcuticular nodes
(major PECCS)

Question 5

pale and boggy nasal mucose should make you think of what diagnosis?

Answer 5

allergic rhinitis

Question 6

what organism is th most common cause of otitis media?

Answer 6

S. pneumonia

Question 7

which viral exanthem often has conjunctivitis as one of its symptoms?

Answer 7

measles/rubella

Question 8

by what age should a child be able to roll over?

Answer 8

4 months

Question 9

what is the x-ray finding that supports diagnosis of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

Answer 9

ice cream falling off the cone

Question 10

a cxr finding of notched ribs in a child should make you think of what diagnosis?

Answer 10

coarctation of the aorta

Question 11

bruises may be purple, green, yellow and brown. how many days old is a yellow bruise?

Answer 11

purple day 1-5, green day 5-7, yellow 7-10, brown 10-14

a purple seed plants a green tree, which leaves turn yellow, then brown

Question 12

a four y/o M presents between october and march with wheezing, coughing, a runny nose and increased respiratory rate. what is the most likely pathogen?

Answer 12

respiratory syncytial virus

Question 13

a child with bulky greasy stool should make you think of what diagnosis?

Answer 13

Cystic fibrosis

Question 14

describe erythema marginatum

Answer 14

pink rings on the trunk and inner surfaces of the limbs.

Question 15

a palpable olive shaped epigastric mass in a one month old should make you think of what dx?

Answer 15

pyloric stenosis

Question 16

german measles is also known as what disease?

Answer 16

rubella

Question 17

by what age should a child be able to hold up her head?

Answer 17

3 months

Question 18

at what age should a child begin to say momma and dada?

Answer 18

12 months

Question 19

what is the medical term for cross eyed?

Answer 19

strabismus

Question 20

first line treatment for pertussis

Answer 20

erythromycin

Question 21

koplik spots

Answer 21

measles/rubeola

Question 22

How long should you wait for a swallowed marble to pass through the body before considering surgery?

Answer 22

24 hours

Question 23

Is an upper respiratory infection which includes hoarseness most likely bacterial or viral?

Answer 23

viral

Question 24

In order to diagnose rheumatic fever what one thing must you have?

Answer 24

Evidence of a strep infection either positive titer or positive culture.
In addition to that you need
2 major criteria or 1 major
and 2 minor criteria.

Question 25

what is the treatment for volvulus in a child?

Answer 25

barium enema

Question 26

first line treatment in mycoplasma pneumonia?

Answer 26

a macrolide erythromycin and azithromycin

Question 27

what is pertussis more commonly referred as?

Answer 27

whooping cough

Question 28

An overweight 15 year old boy with a limp presents to your office complaining of knee pain. There is no history of trauma. What diagnosis should you be thinking of?

Answer 28

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Question 29

a premature infant with hyaline membrane disease will have what appearance on CXR?

Answer 29

bilateral atelectasis or ground glass appearance

Question 30

A salter harris type III fracture affects what area of the bone?

Answer 30

The physis (growth plate) as well as the epiphysis

Question 31

unilateral purulent rhinitis should make you think of what diagnosis?

Answer 31

foreign body

Question 32

describe barlow's test

Answer 32

adduct and internal rotation of the hips

Question 33

by what age should a child be able to sit up?

Answer 33

6 months

Question 34

at what age should a child be able to use a spoon and stack 3-4 blocks

Answer 34

18 months

Question 35

if you believe there may be a foreign body obstructing a childs breathing what type of CXR should you order?

Answer 35

expiratory view looking for hyperinflation due to air trapping

Question 36

currant jelly stool should make you think of what?

Answer 36

intussuception

Question 37

a child presents with paroxysmal abdominal pain nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. what dx should you be thinking of?

Answer 37

intussusception

Question 38

At what age should a child begin to feed himself?

Answer 38

6 months

Question 39

a lacey pink rash should make you think of what diagnosis?

Answer 39

erythema infectiosum aka fifth disease aka slapped cheek

Question 40

pain with movement of the pinna or tragus dx?

Answer 40

otitis externa

Question 41

first line Abx for otitis media?

Answer 41

amoxicillin

Question 42

gold standard for dx of cystic fibrosis?

Answer 42

sweat chloride test | pance will call it the: pilocarpine iontophoresis test

Question 43

what heart valve is most associated with rheumatic fever?

Answer 43

mitral

Question 44

what age should a kid be able to kick a ball?

Answer 44

24 months

Question 45

most comon congenital heart defect?

Answer 45

ventricular septal defect

Question 46

how do you treat a patient with respiratory syncytial virus?

Answer 46

albuterol, steroids and fluids

Question 47

by what age should a child be able to walk?

Answer 47

12 months

Question 48

you hear a loud harsh holosytolic murmur in a child. it is heard best at the LLSB. what dx should you be thinking of?

Answer 48

ventricular septal defect

Question 49

dew drop on a rose petal

Answer 49

chickenpox

Question 50

forchheimer spots

Answer 50

rubella

Question 51

seizures along with a mouse like odor from the urine

Answer 51

Phenylketonuria

Question 52

a child presents with painful ulcers in his mouth. on physical exam you find more of the same type of ulcers on his feet and hands. what virus is most likely causing these symptoms?

Answer 52

coxsackie virus

Question 53

what is the most common cause of upper respiratory tract infection?

Answer 53

rhinovirus

Question 54

nasal polyps should make you think of what diagnosis?

Answer 54

cystic fibrosis

Question 55

what is the most serious complication of kawasaki syndrome

Answer 55

aortic aneurysm (I think this is supposed to be coronary aneurysm)

Question 56

a salter harris type 1 fracture affects what area of the bone?

Answer 56

only the physis (growth plate)

Question 57

a pateitn presents with a staccato cough but no fever. what diagnosis should you be thinking of?

Answer 57

chlamydia pneumoniae

Question 58

boot shaped heart on xray

Answer 58

tetralogy of fallot

Question 59

Describe the pattern of weight gain in an infant over the following time periods: week one, 6 months, 12 months, 3 years old and 4 years old.

Answer 59

Newborns lose 10% of their birth weight initially but are back to birth weight at 10 days, 6m = 2x birth weight, 12m = 3x birthweight, 3 y/o= 30 lbs & 30 inches, 4 y/o = 40 lbs & 40 inches.

Question 60

what is the medical term for lazy eye?

Answer 60

amblyopia

Question 61

at what age should an infant begin cooing?

Answer 61

2 months

Question 62

during a physical exam of a child, you feel a tubular sausage shaped mass. dx?

Answer 62

intussusception

Question 63

a musical vibratory murmur best heard at the apex in a child

Answer 63

still's murmur

Question 64

Name the cyanotic congenital heart diseases

Answer 64

"the five T's" plus "H" - tetrology of fallot, transposition of great arteries (TGA), truncus arteriosus, tricuspid atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and hypo plastic left heart