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PANRE Key Points Quick Flip > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

1
Q

Atypical or walking pneumonia is caused by what pathogen?

A

mycoplasma

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2
Q

a child with a fever lasting longer than 5 days should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

kawasaki syndrome

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3
Q

a widely split fixed S2 should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

ASD

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4
Q

List the five major jones criteria for diagnosing rheumatic fever.

A

polyarthritis, erythema marginatum, chorea, carditis, subcuticular nodes
(major PECCS)

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5
Q

pale and boggy nasal mucose should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

allergic rhinitis

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6
Q

what organism is th most common cause of otitis media?

A

S. pneumonia

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7
Q

which viral exanthem often has conjunctivitis as one of its symptoms?

A

measles/rubella

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8
Q

by what age should a child be able to roll over?

A

4 months

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9
Q

what is the x-ray finding that supports diagnosis of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis?

A

ice cream falling off the cone

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10
Q

a cxr finding of notched ribs in a child should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

coarctation of the aorta

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11
Q

bruises may be purple, green, yellow and brown. how many days old is a yellow bruise?

A

purple day 1-5, green day 5-7, yellow 7-10, brown 10-14

a purple seed plants a green tree, which leaves turn yellow, then brown

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12
Q

a four y/o M presents between october and march with wheezing, coughing, a runny nose and increased respiratory rate. what is the most likely pathogen?

A

respiratory syncytial virus

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13
Q

a child with bulky greasy stool should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Cystic fibrosis

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14
Q

describe erythema marginatum

A

pink rings on the trunk and inner surfaces of the limbs.

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15
Q

a palpable olive shaped epigastric mass in a one month old should make you think of what dx?

A

pyloric stenosis

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16
Q

german measles is also known as what disease?

A

rubella

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17
Q

by what age should a child be able to hold up her head?

A

3 months

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18
Q

at what age should a child begin to say momma and dada?

A

12 months

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19
Q

what is the medical term for cross eyed?

A

strabismus

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20
Q

first line treatment for pertussis

A

erythromycin

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21
Q

koplik spots

A

measles/rubeola

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22
Q

How long should you wait for a swallowed marble to pass through the body before considering surgery?

A

24 hours

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23
Q

Is an upper respiratory infection which includes hoarseness most likely bacterial or viral?

A

viral

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24
Q

In order to diagnose rheumatic fever what one thing must you have?

A

Evidence of a strep infection either positive titer or positive culture.
In addition to that you need
2 major criteria or 1 major
and 2 minor criteria.

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25
Q

what is the treatment for volvulus in a child?

A

barium enema

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26
Q

first line treatment in mycoplasma pneumonia?

A

a macrolide erythromycin and azithromycin

27
Q

what is pertussis more commonly referred as?

A

whooping cough

28
Q

An overweight 15 year old boy with a limp presents to your office complaining of knee pain. There is no history of trauma. What diagnosis should you be thinking of?

A

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

29
Q

a premature infant with hyaline membrane disease will have what appearance on CXR?

A

bilateral atelectasis or ground glass appearance

30
Q

A salter harris type III fracture affects what area of the bone?

A

The physis (growth plate) as well as the epiphysis

31
Q

unilateral purulent rhinitis should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

foreign body

32
Q

describe barlow’s test

A

adduct and internal rotation of the hips

33
Q

by what age should a child be able to sit up?

A

6 months

34
Q

at what age should a child be able to use a spoon and stack 3-4 blocks

A

18 months

35
Q

if you believe there may be a foreign body obstructing a childs breathing what type of CXR should you order?

A

expiratory view looking for hyperinflation due to air trapping

36
Q

currant jelly stool should make you think of what?

A

intussuception

37
Q

a child presents with paroxysmal abdominal pain nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. what dx should you be thinking of?

A

intussusception

38
Q

At what age should a child begin to feed himself?

A

6 months

39
Q

a lacey pink rash should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

erythema infectiosum aka fifth disease aka slapped cheek

40
Q

pain with movement of the pinna or tragus dx?

A

otitis externa

41
Q

first line Abx for otitis media?

A

amoxicillin

42
Q

gold standard for dx of cystic fibrosis?

A

sweat chloride test

pance will call it the: pilocarpine iontophoresis test

43
Q

what heart valve is most associated with rheumatic fever?

A

mitral

44
Q

what age should a kid be able to kick a ball?

A

24 months

45
Q

most comon congenital heart defect?

A

ventricular septal defect

46
Q

how do you treat a patient with respiratory syncytial virus?

A

albuterol, steroids and fluids

47
Q

by what age should a child be able to walk?

A

12 months

48
Q

you hear a loud harsh holosytolic murmur in a child. it is heard best at the LLSB. what dx should you be thinking of?

A

ventricular septal defect

49
Q

dew drop on a rose petal

A

chickenpox

50
Q

forchheimer spots

A

rubella

51
Q

seizures along with a mouse like odor from the urine

A

Phenylketonuria

52
Q

a child presents with painful ulcers in his mouth. on physical exam you find more of the same type of ulcers on his feet and hands. what virus is most likely causing these symptoms?

A

coxsackie virus

53
Q

what is the most common cause of upper respiratory tract infection?

A

rhinovirus

54
Q

nasal polyps should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

cystic fibrosis

55
Q

what is the most serious complication of kawasaki syndrome

A

aortic aneurysm (I think this is supposed to be coronary aneurysm)

56
Q

a salter harris type 1 fracture affects what area of the bone?

A

only the physis (growth plate)

57
Q

a pateitn presents with a staccato cough but no fever. what diagnosis should you be thinking of?

A

chlamydia pneumoniae

58
Q

boot shaped heart on xray

A

tetralogy of fallot

59
Q

Describe the pattern of weight gain in an infant over the following time periods: week one, 6 months, 12 months, 3 years old and 4 years old.

A

Newborns lose 10% of their birth weight initially but are back to birth weight at 10 days, 6m = 2x birth weight, 12m = 3x birthweight,
3 y/o= 30 lbs & 30 inches, 4 y/o = 40 lbs & 40 inches.

60
Q

what is the medical term for lazy eye?

A

amblyopia

61
Q

at what age should an infant begin cooing?

A

2 months

62
Q

during a physical exam of a child, you feel a tubular sausage shaped mass. dx?

A

intussusception

63
Q

a musical vibratory murmur best heard at the apex in a child

A

still’s murmur

64
Q

Name the cyanotic congenital heart diseases

A

“the five T’s” plus “H” - tetrology of fallot, transposition of great arteries (TGA), truncus arteriosus, tricuspid atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and hypo plastic left heart

PANRE Key Points Quick Flip (28 decks)

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