Pediatrics

Question 1

What is normal HR, RR, and BP for 0-1yo?

Answer 1

120
40
80/40

Question 2

What is normal HR, RR and BP for 1-5yo

Answer 2

100
30
100/60

Question 3

What is normal HR, RR and BP for 5-10yo

Answer 3

80
20
120/80

Question 4

Pediatric tumor of the adrenal medulla? MC pediatric renal tumor?

Answer 4

Neuroblastoma

Nephroblastoma/Wilms tumor

Question 5

T/F: MC cause of encephalitis.

Answer 5

Viruses

Question 6

Name the condition: Infxn w/ parvovirus B19, classic slapped-cheek appearance which typically fades over 2-4 d, erythematous maculopapular rash extends to trunk and proximal extremities 1-4 days after slapped-cheeks.

Answer 6

Erythema infectiosum (Fifth’s Dz)

Question 7

What childhood dz has Forchheimer’s spots on the posterior soft/hard palate that develops with the onset of the pruritic rash?

Answer 7

Rubella

Question 8

What sequelae of GAS pharyngitis has a white exudate covered tongue that is studded with prominent red papillae? The white exudate disappears leaving a beefy red tongue, “strawberry tongue.”

Answer 8

Scarlett fever

Question 9

Infant infx with HSV 6 - causing non-pruritic rash.

Answer 9

Roseola infantum

Question 10

T/F: Measles is found on the soles and palms.

Answer 10

F. Spares the soles and palms.

Question 11

T/F: Chicken pox is found on the soles and palms.

Answer 11

T.

Question 12

Which childhood respiratory illness has a steeple sign on xray?

Answer 12

Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)

Question 13

What creates a tetralogy of fallot?

Answer 13

VSD
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction
Overriding aortic root
Right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 14

What are the auscultation findings of VSD?

Answer 14

Holosystolic murmur at LLSB w/ thrill

Mid-diastolic rumble at apex

Question 15

Name the condition: Absence of ganglion cells in Meissner’s submucosal plexus and Auerbach’s myenteric plexus causing localized constant contraction without relaxation, resulting in obstruction.

Answer 15

Hirschsprung Dz

Question 16

What are the SSX of intussusception? Where is the typical site?

Answer 16

Sudden onset of recurrent, paroxysmal, and severe periumbilical pain
Palpable sausage-shaped mass in LRQ
“red currant jelly” stools

Ileocecal junction, jejunum in children

Question 17

SSX of meconium ileus?

Answer 17

Abdominal distention, bilious green vomit and no passage of merconium

Question 18

Name the condition: Starts at 2-4wks of age, nonbilious projectile vomiting and regurgitation after feeding, may show dehydration and malnutrition. Firm, nontender, and mobile hard pyloris, “olive sign.”

Answer 18

Pyloric stenosis

Question 19

Name the condition: pediatric avascular necrosis of femoral head ossification centers - usually bilateral, most often in boys.

Answer 19

Legg-Calve-Perthes Dz

Question 20

3 types of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Answer 20

1) Systemic arthritis/Still’s Dz (high fever x 2 wks, extra articular features)
2) Oligoarticular arthritis (1-4 joints, ANA pos, no systemic ssx)
3) Polyarticular arthritis (symmetric >5 joints, RF pos)

Question 21

Name the condition: Repetitive quadriceps contraction through the patellar tendon at its insertion that has a skeletally immature tibial tubercle, eventually leading to fragmentation of the tibial tubercle. Very common cause of knee pain in athletic children (jumping sports) age 10-15yo.

Answer 21

Osgood-Schlatter Dz

Question 22

What are the complications of cryptorchidism? When should the testes normally descend by?

Answer 22

Infertility
Inc risk for seminoma
Inc risk of testicular torsion

3 months

Question 23

Name the condition: Dz of the proximal renal tubules of the kidney in which glucose, amino acids, uric acid, phosphate and bicarbonate are passed into the urine, instead of being reabsorbed. SSX - polyuria, polydipsia , impaired growth, acidosis, bone deformities.

Answer 23

Fanconi syndrome

Question 24

Term for lead poisoning? Tx?

Answer 24

Plumbism

EDTA chelation

Question 25

Term: Vascular tumor, benign proliferation of thick-walled blood vessels in the dermis.

Answer 25

Hemangioma

Question 26

What lab testing is indicated for somnambulism?

Answer 26

Sleep study with EEG