Pediatrics Flashcards
What is normal HR, RR, and BP for 0-1yo?
120
40
80/40
What is normal HR, RR and BP for 1-5yo
100
30
100/60
What is normal HR, RR and BP for 5-10yo
80
20
120/80
Pediatric tumor of the adrenal medulla? MC pediatric renal tumor?
Neuroblastoma
Nephroblastoma/Wilms tumor
T/F: MC cause of encephalitis.
Viruses
Name the condition: Infxn w/ parvovirus B19, classic slapped-cheek appearance which typically fades over 2-4 d, erythematous maculopapular rash extends to trunk and proximal extremities 1-4 days after slapped-cheeks.
Erythema infectiosum (Fifth’s Dz)
What childhood dz has Forchheimer’s spots on the posterior soft/hard palate that develops with the onset of the pruritic rash?
Rubella
What sequelae of GAS pharyngitis has a white exudate covered tongue that is studded with prominent red papillae? The white exudate disappears leaving a beefy red tongue, “strawberry tongue.”
Scarlett fever
Infant infx with HSV 6 - causing non-pruritic rash.
Roseola infantum
T/F: Measles is found on the soles and palms.
F. Spares the soles and palms.
T/F: Chicken pox is found on the soles and palms.
T.
Which childhood respiratory illness has a steeple sign on xray?
Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)
What creates a tetralogy of fallot?
VSD
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction
Overriding aortic root
Right ventricular hypertrophy
What are the auscultation findings of VSD?
Holosystolic murmur at LLSB w/ thrill
Mid-diastolic rumble at apex
Name the condition: Absence of ganglion cells in Meissner’s submucosal plexus and Auerbach’s myenteric plexus causing localized constant contraction without relaxation, resulting in obstruction.
Hirschsprung Dz
What are the SSX of intussusception? Where is the typical site?
Sudden onset of recurrent, paroxysmal, and severe periumbilical pain
Palpable sausage-shaped mass in LRQ
“red currant jelly” stools
Ileocecal junction, jejunum in children
SSX of meconium ileus?
Abdominal distention, bilious green vomit and no passage of merconium
Name the condition: Starts at 2-4wks of age, nonbilious projectile vomiting and regurgitation after feeding, may show dehydration and malnutrition. Firm, nontender, and mobile hard pyloris, “olive sign.”
Pyloric stenosis
Name the condition: pediatric avascular necrosis of femoral head ossification centers - usually bilateral, most often in boys.
Legg-Calve-Perthes Dz
3 types of Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis.
1) Systemic arthritis/Still’s Dz (high fever x 2 wks, extra articular features)
2) Oligoarticular arthritis (1-4 joints, ANA pos, no systemic ssx)
3) Polyarticular arthritis (symmetric >5 joints, RF pos)
Name the condition: Repetitive quadriceps contraction through the patellar tendon at its insertion that has a skeletally immature tibial tubercle, eventually leading to fragmentation of the tibial tubercle. Very common cause of knee pain in athletic children (jumping sports) age 10-15yo.
Osgood-Schlatter Dz
What are the complications of cryptorchidism? When should the testes normally descend by?
Infertility
Inc risk for seminoma
Inc risk of testicular torsion
3 months
Name the condition: Dz of the proximal renal tubules of the kidney in which glucose, amino acids, uric acid, phosphate and bicarbonate are passed into the urine, instead of being reabsorbed. SSX - polyuria, polydipsia , impaired growth, acidosis, bone deformities.
Fanconi syndrome
Term for lead poisoning? Tx?
Plumbism
EDTA chelation
Term: Vascular tumor, benign proliferation of thick-walled blood vessels in the dermis.
Hemangioma
What lab testing is indicated for somnambulism?
Sleep study with EEG
