Botanical Medicine Flashcards
Achillea millefolium indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: hemorrhage, menorrhagia, wounds
Act: Bitter, anti-inflam, styptic
Caution: Preg,
Intx: combination with PPI (all bitters)
Aconitum napellus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: neuralgia, pain
Act: anodyne
Caution: Narrow therapeutic window - lethal vfib, chest pain
Actaea racemosa indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: PMS, dysmen, menor, arthritis, myalgia
Act: Uterine tonic, spasmolytic
Caution: early Preg
Aesculus hippocastanum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: topical for bruises
Act: venotonic
Caution: nausea
Allium cepa/sativum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: lipids, athero, angina, HTN, DM, topical antifungal
Act: antimicrobial
Caution: Bleeding/anticoagulants
Intx: Hypoglycemics
Aloe vera indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: frostbite, wounds, burns
Act: Demulcent, immune anti-inflam
Caution: Leaf is extreme laxative
Althea officinalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: gastritis, ulcer, UTI, cystitis
Act: demulcent
Caution: Wet cough
Angelica sinensis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: amen, endo, menopause, infert, PMS
Act: uterine tonic
Caution: Bleeding, menorrhagia, antiplatelet therapy
Articum lappa indication, action, and caution.
Ind: psoriasis, eczema, blood sugar regulation, liver tonic, dyspepsia, biliary insufficiency, hepatitis
Act: alterative
Caution:
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: UTI w/ alkaline urine
Act: Urinary antiseptic
Caution: Preg
AE: nausea, mild toxicity
Arnica montana indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Bruises, sprains, strains
Act: top vulnerary and anodyne
Caution: broken skin, NO internal use
Artemisia annua/absinth/vulg indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Malaria, parasite, cancer
Act: Bitter, anti-parasitic
Caution: high dose neurotoxic
Absinthum: bitter (anti-parasite, malaria)
Annua: digestive, sweeter
Vulg: less used
Ascelepius tuberosa indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Fever, cough, pneumonia, bronchitis
Act: expectorant, anti-tussive
Caution: Preg
Rarely used
Aspidosperma quebracho indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Cough
Act: stimulating expectorant for non-dry cough
Caution: Preg, lactation, children, dry cough
Astragalus membranaceus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Infx, CA, AI
Act: Immune modulator
Caution: None
Atropa belladonna indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Muscle pain, spasms
Act: anticholinergic, anodyne
Caution: Closed angle glaucoma, BPH
Intx: TCA - potentiates effect of anticholinergics
Avena sativa indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Anxiety
Act: Hypolipidemic as food, anxiolytic, nervine
Caution: SAFE
Bacopa moneirri indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Memory, cognition
Caution: SAFE
Baptisia tinctoria indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Pharyngitis, infx,
Act: immune modulating, antimicrobial (MC)
Caution: Potential AE tachypnea, tachycardia
Berberis aquifolium indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Chronic skin - psoriasis, acne, bitter
Act: antimicrobial
Caution: Nausea, GI sx
Berberis vulgaris indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Liver dz, GB, gallstones, jaundice
Act: Cholagogue, hepatic
Caution: Preg, bile duct obs.
Intx: MANY DRUGS
Boswellia serrata indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Asthma, UC, OA, RA, etc.
Act: Anti-inflammatory (d/t resin)
Caution: SAFE
Bryonia alba indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Pain, infection
Act: Anodyne, immune, some sedation
AE: Abd pain, N/V, diarrhea, not used internally
Rarely used
Calendula officinalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: dermatitis, wounds
Act: demulcent, anti-inflam, vulnerary
Caution: SAFE
Camellia sinensis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind:
Act: Antioxidant, tannins (astringent)
Caution: Insomnia?
Cannabis sativa indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Pain, nausea, CA, chemotherapy, insomnia
Act: Analgesic, sedative, anti-emetic
Caution: Preg, abuse potential, psychiatric issues
Often indicated but not safe
Capsella bursa-pastoris indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: hemorrhage, menorrhagia, postpartum hem
Act: styptic
Caution: MAJOR bleeding
Intx: Anticoagulants
Capsicum frutescens indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Pain
Act: Antiplatelet, dig stim, top anodyne, anti-inflam
AE: Burning
Intx: Anticoagulants
Cassia/Senna alexandrina indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Constipation
Act: direct stimulation/irritation of bowel
Caution: Long-term use, laxative dependence
Caulophyllum thalictroides indication, action, and caution/intx.
Act: uterine tonic, parturifacient (late
Caution: early preg
mr Cc guarantees deliveries
Ceanothis americanus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: NAFLD, fatty liver, hepatitis
Act: hepatoprotective
Caution: SAFE
Centella asiatica indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Nervous insomnia, poor memory, infections, venous insufficiency
Act: nervine, antipyretic, mental tonic
“100 year old Asian woman w/ venous insufficiency, dementia from her old age”
Chamaelirium luteum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Amen, dysmen, endometriosis, uterine prolapse, miscarriage
Act: uterine tonic
Caution: SAFE
“Cham Luteum tonifies the corpus luteum of your uterus.”
mr cC guarantees deliveries
Chelidonium majus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Biliary insuf, gallstone prevention
Act: Choleretic, cholagoge
Caution: Hepatic failure, preg, lactation
AE: N/V
Chionanthus virginicus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: LIVER, GB
Act: hepatic, cholagogue, bitter
Caution: obstruction, CA
Generally Safe
Cineraria maritima indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Cataract topically
Caution: NO internal use d/t hepatotoxic
Cinnamomum zeylanicum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: GI issues, diabetes, metabolic syndrome
Act: gastric stimulation
Caution: ulcers, GERD, gastritis
Coleus forskohlii indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Bronchial irritation, dry cough, hoarseness, ASTHMA, weakness or debility
Act: activates cAMP, adaptogen, cardiotonic, immune
Caution:
Intx: Warfarin, digoxin
Commiphora mukul indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Hyperlipidemia (LDL)
Act: anti-inflam
Caution: IBD
Intx: B-blockers
Commiphora myrrha indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Infx
Act: anti-infxn, anti-microbe
Caution: SAFE
Convallaria majalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: CHF, arrhythmia
Act: milder digitalis
Caution: Induce heart block
Intx: Diuretics, b-blockers, +++
Cordyceps sinensis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Asthma, cough, bronchitis, resp disorders
Act: Potentiates Epi, relaxes smooth muscles
Caution: AI
Intx: some drug interaction (think Epi)
Corydalis amibua indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Gastritis, pain, parasites, arrhythmia, bacteria (largely for GI SYSTEM)
Act: hypnotic, sedative, tranquilizing
Caution: Can be toxic
Crataegus laevigata/oxycantha indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: HEART
Caution: SAFE
Curcuma longa indication, action, and caution/intx.
Act: Anti-inflam, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer
Caution: SAFE
Cynara scolymus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Hyperlipidemia, liver/GB issues
Act: Bitter/hepatic
Caution: digestive stim (GERD)
Datura stramonium indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Spasms/pain Act: anticholinergic CI: BPH, closed angle glaucoma AE: dryness Intx: anticholinergics (TCA)
Digitalis purpurea indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: CHF, arrhythmia
Act: modulates heart rhythm
Caution: lethal overdose
Intx: MANY
Might be indicated, but not safe.
Dioscorea villosa indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Dysmen, endometriosis PMS
Act: spasmolytic
Caution: SAFE
Echinacea augustifolia/purp/pall indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Infxn, influenza
Act: antimicrobial, inflam-modulating, antiviral
Caution: long-term use, possibly autoimmune
Eleuthrococcus senticosus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Infxn, CA, AI
Act: Immune mod, adrenal support
AE: Irritability, insomnia
Ephedra sinica indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Sinusitis, asthma, COPD, rhinitis
Act: alpha adrenergic agonist - helps breath
CI: HTN, DM, hyperthyroid
AE: Agitation
Might be indicated but not safe
Equisetum arvense indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: UTI, kidney stones, skin issues
Act: urinary tonic
Caution: SAFE
Eschscholzia californica indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: sleep
Act: anxiolytic, sedative
Intx: benzo
Eucalyptus globulus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: URI, pharyngitis, tonsillitis
Act: essential oil, antimicrobial
Caution: internal use may cause A/E
Eupatorium perfoliatum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: fever, infxn
Caution: Hepatotoxic (Pyrrolizidine alkaloids)
Eupatorium purpureum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: urolithiasis, gout, renal calculi
Caution: hepatotoxic (P.A)
Get’s the gravel out of you.
Euphrasia officinalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Face-itits
Act: anti-inflam, allergy
Caution: SAFE
Foeniculum vulgare indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Gas, bloating, lactation
Act: phytoestrogen, galactagogue, carminative
Caution: SAFE
Fucus vesiculosus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Goiter, hypothyroidism
Act: iodine source
Caution: general for appropriate iodine consumption for appropriate thyroid function.
Galium aparine indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Chronic skin infx, UTI, urolithiasis
Act: Lymphagogue
Caution: SAFE
“Golum skin”
Ganoderma lucidum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: CA, Infxn
Act: deep immune activation
Caution: Autoimmune conditions
Gelsemium sempervirens indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Trigeminal neuralgia, fever, insomnia, pain
Act: Stim/dep neural function, antispasmodic, cardiosedative
Caution: EXTREMELY TOXIC
AE: Sedation
CI: Hypotention, Preg
Likely not safe.
Gentian lutea indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Low stomach acid
Act: Bitter, hepatotonic
AE: Nausea
Caution: GI stimulation
Geranium maculatum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: GI health, hemorrhage, menorrhagia, diarrhea, varicose veins
Act: vulnerary, anti-inflam, tannins
AE: Nausea
Ginkgo biloba indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Cerebrovascular insufficiency, depression, dementia, memory, arterial insuf, intermittent claud, impotence, anti-CA
CI: bleeding
Intx: anticoagulants
Glycyrrhiza glabra indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Gastritis, PUD, H. pylori
Act: hepatoprotective, immune, demulcent, anti-inflam
Caution: can inc BP
Intx: Drugs that cause hypokalemia (digoxin, quinidine, gentamicin)
Grindelia robusta indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Grinding, spasmodic cough
Act: Anti-inflam, resin increases mucus
Caution: SAFE-ish
Gymnema sylvestre indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: DM, cravings, weight loss
Caution: SAFE
Intx: Hypoglycemics
Hamamelis virginiana indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: hemorrhoids, varicose veins, diarrhea, venous congestion
Act: astringent
Caution: fairly safe
Harpagophytum procumbens indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: gout, OA, RA ( top for pain)
Act: topical anti-inflam
Caution: SAFE
Devil’s claw
Humulus lupulus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Insomnia
Act: nervine, bitter, phytoestrogen
Caution: gastric stim, depression
Hydrangea arborenscens indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: kidney, bladder stones
Act: diuretic, anti-lithic
Caution: overdose causes vertigo, chest pain
Hydrastis canadensis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Mucus membranes
Act: bitter, antimicrobial, immune, anti-H-pylori
Caution: can cause dysbiosis, GI stim
Hyoscyamus niger indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Pain, urinary spasm, IC Act: sedative, hypnotic, anti-spasm, anticholinergic Caution: BPH, closed angle glaucoma Intx: anticholinergic (TCAs) Visual blurring with toxicity
Hypericum perforatum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: depression, CA, antiviral
Caution: can cause photosensitivity
Intx: LOTS of interaction CYP450 3A4
Inula helenium indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Asthma, COPD, cough, URI, bronchitis, parasites
Caution: SAFE
“In U there is a Hel that wants to get out and escape through your lungs”
Iris versicolor indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Lymphatic, thyroid, GI (N/V)
Act: cholagoge, choleretic, alterative
AE: N/V
Juglans nigra indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Juglans nigra
Act: antifungal
CI: Pregnancy, GI irritation
Juniperus communis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: UTI, top myalgia
Act: antimicrobial, urinary sedative, anti-septic
Caution: renal damage
Larrea tridentata indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Allergic rhinitis, CA, Infxn
Caution: hepatotoxic, liver dz
“Trident in your liver”
Leonurus cardiaca indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Palpitations, uterine tonic, hyperthryoids
Act: antispasmodic, bitter
Caution: Safe-ish
AE: GI effects
Leptandra virginica indication, action, and caution/intx.
Act: hepatotonic, choleretic, cholagogue, butter
Caution: GI stim
Rarely used
Lugusticum porteri indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Chronic fatigue, Fibro, EBV (STRONG medicine)
Act: ANTI-VIRAL, liver issues, cholecystitis, GI stasis
AE: whole body rash, GI irritation (emetic)
Ligustrum lucidum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Infxn, CA
Caution: SAFE
“Music heals. so STRUM that guitar until you are infxn and CA free.”
Linum usitassismum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Constipation, cholesterol
Act: food source of fiber, health fat
Caution: IBS, IBD flare
AE: GI (nausea, bloat, gas)
Lobelia inflata indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Wet cough, URI, smoker’s cough, lung dz
Act: Nervine, diffuse pulm tonic
AE: N/V, Overdose can cause death
“Inflates the lungs”
Lomatium dissectum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: STRONG
Act: antiviral
AE: WHOLE BODY RASH, photosensitization
“Dissects viruses”
Lycopus virginicus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Hyperthyroidism (heart palp, anxiety)
Act: anti-thyroid
CI: preg, lac
Intx: Antithyroid drugs
Matricaria chamomilla indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Children, GI, skin, anxiety, preg, infx, n/v
Act: vulnerary, anxiolytic
Caution: SAFE
Chamomile
Medicago sativa indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Endometriosis, infertility, menopause
Act: phytoestrogen
Caution: SAFE
Melaleuca alternifolia indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Fungal infx top
Act: antifungal, antimicrobial
Tea-tree oil
Four “C” vulnerary herbs.
Comfrey, chamomile, calendula, and chickweed.
indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind:
Act:
Caution:
Intx:
Melissa officinalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Hyperthyroidism, anxiety w/ GI (dyspepsia, IBS, colic)
Act: nervine, antithyroid
CI: Hypothyroid, GERD
Intx: antithyroid med
Menth piperita indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Dyspepsia, colic, GI
Act: carminative, spasmolytic
Caution: GI stimulation
Mitchella repens indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: dysmen, infertility, fibroids
Act: uterine tonic, parturifacient
CI: early preg
“Repens the uterus”
Mr cc guarantees deliveries
Momordica charantia indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: DM, psoriasis
Act: bitter
CI: wet cough, gastric stim
Olea europea indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: HTN, viral infxn
Act: bitter, antifungal
Caution: GI stim
Panax ginseng/quinquefolium indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Immune, DM, fatigue
Act: phytoestrogen, adaptogen (STRONG STIM)
ginseng (STRONG STIM)
quinqu (immune stim)
Passiflora incarnata indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: anxiety, insomnia
Act: nervine
Caution: fairly safe
Intx: anxiolytic, sedatives
Pausinystalia yohimbe indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: ED
Act: alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist
CI: anxiety
Intx: viagra
Phytolacca americana indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Lymphadenopathy, mastitis, BREAST STUFF, CA
Act: lymphagogue
Caution: OD causes systemic toxicity
CI: Pregnancy
Pokeweed
What is your primary concern with bitter herbs?
Caution if you want to avoid GI stimulation i.e. GERD, ulcers, or PPI use
Piper methysticum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Anxiety, IC pain Act: nervine Caution: hepatotoxic CI: antipsychotic, long-term use Intx: sedatives
Kava
Piscidia erythrina indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: pain, myalgia, neuralgia, HA, dysmen
Act: anodyne, spasmolytic, sedative
CI: preg
Intx: sedatives
Dogwood
Plantago major indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: gastritis ulcer
Act: demulcent vulnerary
Caution: wet cough (b/c increased fluid w/ demulcent property)
Podophyllum peltatum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: CA, warts
Act: antineoplastic, ant-HPV
Caution: EXTREMELY TOXIC, not used as dry herb
Not safe
Prunus serotina indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: spasmodic cough
Act: antitussive
Caution: SAFE
Black cherry
Prunus africanum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: BPH
Caution: SAFE
Pulsatilla vulgaris indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Pain, dysmen, endometriosis, pain, PMS Act: anodyne, sedative Caution: not commonly used internally AE: abd pain Intx:
Quercus rubra indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhoids
Act: astringent (STRONG), anti-inflam, anti-septic
Caution: Use short-term due to reduced nutrient absorption, CI on externally damaged skin
Red Oak
Rauwolfia serpentina indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: HTN, anti-arrhythmic
CI: Depression (b/c catecholamine depletion)
Intx: BP meds, MAO inhib
Rhamnus frangula/purshiana indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: “Rhamming something up your ass.” Cathartic for constipation
Act: irritant laxative
CI: preg, lac, dependence
AE: abd crap, diarrhea
Buckthorn
Rhodiola rosea indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: chronic stress, immunosuppression
Act: adaptogen, antidepressant
Caution: SAFE
Ricinis communis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Castor oil
Ind: Pain, dysme, ovarian cyst, PMS, myalgia
Act: topical - anodyne, anti-inflam
Caution: TOXIC OD internally, do not use long-term
Can be used orally for OA.
Rosmarinus officinalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: cerebrovascular insufficiency (hypotension, dementia, memory)
Act: anti-microbial (volatile oil, topical)
Caution: SAFE
Rubus idaeus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Prepare labour, uterine tonic
Act: “rubus rubs the uterus”
Caution: VERY VERY SAFE, throughout preg
mR cc guarantees deliveries
Raspberry
Rumex crispus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Chronic skin dz
Act: bitter, hepatoprotective, alterative
AE: Nausea
Yellow dock
Salix alba indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Pain, fever, myalgia, arthritis, HA
Act: anodyne, like aspirin
CI: NOT FOR CHILDREN - VIRAL EXANTHEM
AE: GI irritation
Willow
Salvia officinalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: skin infxn, hot flashes and infxns
Act: anti-secretory, anti-bacteriol
CI: lactation (dry up flow)
Sage
Sambucas nigra indication, action, and caution/intx.
Flower: fever, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis
Fruit: URI, influenza
AE: diarrhea
Elderberry
Sanguinaria canadensis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: cervical dysplasia, escharotic, basal or squamous cell carcinoma (TOPICAL)
Act: tissue destruction
Caution: TOXIC internally
Topical CI: Painful ulceration, skin necrosis
Bloodroot
Shizandra chinensis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Stress, depression, cough
Act: adaptogen, hepatoprotective, expectorant, antitussive
CI: preg
Scutellaria lateriflora/baicalensis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Insomnia, anxiety, pain
Caution: SAFE
Skullcap
Selenicereus grandiflorus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Arrhythmia, palpitation, CHF, angina
Intx: MAO inhib
Cactus
Serenoa repns indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: BPH, PCOS, baldness
Act: inhibits act of testosterone, 5 alpha reductase inhib
Caution: SAFE
Saw palmetto
Silybum marianum indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholelith, fatty
Act: hepatoprotective
Caution: SAFE
Milk thistle
Smilax spp. indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: PMS, menopause, low T, andropause
Act: alterative, hormonal balance
“Smile no more PMS.”
Solidago spp. indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Nephritis, UTI
Act: pulmonary, renal, diuretic
Caution: SAFE
Goldenrod
Symphytum offinicale indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: wounds, dermatitis, fractures, inflam of resp or GI system
Act: anti-inflam
CI: Preg, lac (has P.A. therefore hepatotoxic)
Comfrey
Tanacetum parthenium indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Migraines
Caution: SAFE
Feverfew
Tanacetum vulgare indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: intestinal parasites (VULGAR PARASITES)
CI: preg (abortifacient), GI sx
Tansy
Taraxacum officinale indication, action, and caution/intx.
Leaf: bitter, UTI, kidney stones
Root: bitter, hepatic
CI: Ulcer
AE: Nausea
Dandelion
Theobroma cacao indication, action, and caution/intx.
Act: antioxidant, nursing the health of the skin, stimulant
Caution: Restlessness, theobromine/caffeine
Thuja occidentalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: warts, infxn, like pharyngitis
Act: anti-microbial
CI: Preg
Caution: neurotoxic
Thymus vulgaris indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: topical for myalgia, H. pylori, viral/bacterial/fungal GI infx
Act: antimicrobial
Caution: Neurotoxic
Thyme
Tilea europa indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: infxn, colds, flus, HTN
Act: circulatory tonic, diaphoretic
Caution: SAFE
Linden
Tribulus terrestris indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: libido, fertility
Act: stimulant, testosterone boosting
CI: preg
Bindii
Trifolium pratense indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Menopause, hot flash, preg
Act: phytoestrogen
Caution: SAFE
“For TENSE women”
Red clover
Tussilago farfara indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Dry cough, dermatitis
Caution: Hepatotoxic (due to P.A.)
Coltsfoot
Ulmus rubra indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Gastritis, GERD, ulcer
Act: GI Demulcent
CI: wet cough (makes wetter)
Slippery Elm
Urtica dioica indication, action, and caution/intx.
Leaf/seed: lower UTI, urolith
Root: BPH
Act: nutritive
Caution: stinging topically (can be used for rheumatic conditions
Nettles
Usnea barbata indication, action, and caution/intx.
Act: antimicrobial, antifungal
Caution: hepatotoxic
Old Man’s Beard
Vaccinium myrtillus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Fruit: Vision (diabetic retinopathy), veins, UTI
Leaf: DM (don’t want to eat the sugary fruit)
Caution: SAFE
Bilberry
Valeriana officinalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: insomnia, anxiety, smooth muscle spasms
Act: nervine
Caution: can cause sedation
Intx: may prolong GABA drugs
Valerian
Veratrum alba indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: HTN, cholera (gushing bowels)
Caution: TOXIC, teratogenic, rarely used
Verbascum thapsus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Asthma, COPD, any cough
Caution: SAFE
Mullein
Verbena officinalis indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: menopause, anxious women
Act: alterative, female specific
CI: Gastric stim, otherwise safe
AE: Nausea
Viburnum opulus/prunifolium indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Dysmen, endometriosis, PMS, spasm, myalgia
Act: spasmolytic to smooth muscle
Caution: SAFE
Cramp bark
Vinca major/minor indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: HA, vertigo, HTN, memory (BRAIN)
Act: circ stim
CI: Preg
Periwinkle
Viscum album/flavescens indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: subcutaneously for CA, HTN (not used for)
Act:
Caution: TOXC overdose from berries
Iscador/Helixor - CA meds
Mistletoe
Vitex agnus-castus indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: PMS, acne, amenorrhea, ovarian cyst
Act: increases progest, normalize hormones
CI: Preg
Chaste Tree Berry
Withania somnifera indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: Stress, infx
Act: Adaptogen, immune stinulant
CI: AI and Preg
Ashwaganda
Zingiber officinale indication, action, and caution/intx.
Ind: GI
Act: anti-emetic, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-infx
Caution: Gastric Stim
Name herbs with cardiac glycosides?
Digitalis purpurea, Leonurus cardiaca, Convallaria majalis
Name the anti-muscarinic(cholinergic) herbs?
Atropa belladonna, Hyoscyamus niger, Datura stramonium
CYP450 inducing herbs?
Bacopa, Capsicum, Commiphora mukul, Hypericum, Larrea Tridentata