Pediatrics

Question 1

Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)

Answer 1

Head turned to one side, face arm & leg extended, opposites flexed; integrates after 6mo

Question 2

Symmetrical Tonic Next Reflex (STNR)

Answer 2

Head in flexion or extension
Flexion: arms flexed with legs extended
Ext: arms extended with legs flexed
Integrates 6-8mo; interferes with prone prop, sitting balance, crawling

Question 3

Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex (TLR)

Answer 3

Supine, body and extremities in extension; prone, held in flexion; integrates around 6mo, prevents rolling, prone prop, balance reactions

Question 4

Galant reflex

Answer 4

Touch skin along spine from shoulder to hip - lateral trunk flexion to side of stimulus; integrates at 2mo - inhibits balance reactions and can lead to develop of scoliosis

Question 5

Palmer grasp reflex

Answer 5

Pressure in palm on ulnar side; flexion of fingers in strong grip; integrates at 4mo; prevents ability to grasp & release, and dec weight bearing on hands

Question 6

Plantar grasp reflex

Answer 6

Pressure to base of toes causes toe flexion; integrates at 9mo; interferes with ability to stand with feet flat on surface

Question 7

Rooting reflex

Answer 7

Touch on check, turn head to same side with mouth open - 28weeks to 3 mo; interferes with oral motor development, midline control of head, and optical right/visual tracking

Question 8

Moro reflex

Answer 8

Head dropping into extension = arms abduct with fingers open; integrates at 5mo; inhibits balance reactions and protective response in sitting, eye hand coordination/visual tracking

Question 9

Startle reflex

Answer 9

Loud sudden noise causing arm abduction then cross extension with hands and elbows flexed; integrates at 5mo; interferes with sitting balance, protective responses, eye hand coordination, visual tracking, social interaction

Question 10

Positive support reflex

Answer 10

Weight placed on balls of feet when upright, causing stiffening of legs and trunk into extension; integrates at 2mo; interferes with standing and walking, balance reactions, weight shifting, and can lead to PF contractures

Question 11

Walking (stepping) reflex

Answer 11

Supported upright with feet flat, causing reciprocal flexion/extension of legs; integrates at 2mo; interferes with standing/walking, balance reactions, coordination, weight shifting