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Neuro > Other > Flashcards

Other Flashcards

1
Q

nosocominal infection; how to prevent

A

infection acquired during a hospitalization; hand washing & proper control procedures

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2
Q

asepsis

A

eliination of microorganisms and creation of a sterile field

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3
Q

medical asepsis

A

technique of containing pathogens to a specific area, object, or person to reduce the spread.

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4
Q

surgical asepsis

A

a stat in which in area or object is without any micoorgansims; a sterile field

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5
Q

Title I-IV

A

Employment, public services, public accommodations, telecommunications, miscellaneous; ADA regulations - does not require employers to make accommodations that would pose “undue hardship”

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6
Q

ramps ADA

A

12in run for every vertical 1in (8.43% grade); min of 36in wide, equipped with handrails of the grade >6in or farther than 72in, turning area must be at least 60inx60in

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7
Q

ADA doorway

A

max 32in width, 24in depth

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8
Q

ADA threshold

A

less than 3/4in sliding doors, <1/2in reg doors

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9
Q

carpet

A

<1/2in

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10
Q

hallway

A

36in wide

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11
Q

wheelchair turning radius

A

60in width x 78in length

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12
Q

forward reach in chair

A

15in-48in

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13
Q

side reach in chair

A

24in max

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14
Q

bathroom sink

A

29in-40in from floor to bottom of mirror; 17in minimum depth under sink to back of wall

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15
Q

bathroom toilet

A

17-19in from floor to top of toilet, 36in minimum grab bar length, 1.5in spacing between grab bar and wall, grab bar 33-36in from floor

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16
Q

hotel

A

2% of rooms must be ADA accessible

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17
Q

parking space

A

96% in width, 24 in length; 2% of spaces must be ADA accessible

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18
Q

paternalism

A

term used when someone fails to recognize another individuals rights and autonomy

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19
Q

Teleological theory

A

ethics based on determining if the outcome of an action will be a good or bad outcome; do no harm

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20
Q

Deontologism theory

A

ethics based on determining if the decision is moral or not

21
Q

The nagi model

A

model of disability; describes disease based on pathology, impairments, functional limitation and disability.

22
Q

International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Model

A

classification of health and health related domains such as body function, body structure, impairments, activity limitations, participation restrictions, enviornmental factors

23
Q

abandonment

A

unacceptable one sided termination of services by a health care professional without patient consent

24
Q

tort

A

a private or civil wrong/injury, involving omission and or commission

25
Q

Mutual companies vs stock companies

A

Operated nationally but owned by individual policy holders vs. owned by stockholders

26
Q

Managed care

A

HMO & PPO (health matiencne organizations/preferred provider organizations); contracted by the insurance company at a lower cost

27
Q

Health maintenance organization

A

HMO - all services are through a predetermined provider - cost containment is a high priority (ex: Kaiser)

28
Q

Preferred provider organization

A

PPO; can choose their provider (Ex: BCBS)

29
Q

Consolidated Omnibus Budget reconciliation (COBRA)

A

Law stating an employee who lost their job may stay under their previous employers insurance plan for a period of time; but may have to pay a portion of the premium

30
Q

Fee for service

A

Payers assume primary financial risk; Freedom of choice, unlimited access to providers, Co-pays (80%,20%) limited cost control, minimal emphasis on health promotion/education

31
Q

Managed care

A

Providers share in financial risk; no choice, PCP is a gate keeper, cost is fixed, formal quality and utilization review, emphasis on health education and preventative medicine

32
Q

Medicare Part A vs B

A

A is for hospitals, diagnostic services, sub-acute, and hospice - automatic enrollment, paid for with taxes; B is voluntary and includes OP physician series, and medical equipment, paid for by premiums from beneficiaries and general federal tax revenues

33
Q

Medicare co-pay and deductible

A

Yes there is a deductible
Coinsurance requires 20% be paid for by pt
Limit set on Hosptial days and 100 days for extended care facilities

34
Q

Medicaid

A

Based on income - welfare, public access benefits - covers inpatient and outpatient services paid for by the federal and state governments

35
Q

Workers comp

A

Pt receives salary and paid for medical expenses if injured on the job - employers with 10 or more employees must pay percentage of each employee salary to workers comp board of state (based on the high risk of the job)

36
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs

A

There is a hierarchy of biogenic and psychogenic needs that we must progress through: Phsyiological needs> Affliative needs (security, stability) > Esteem needs (wanting to feel good, be respected) > Self actualization needs (need to realize one’s full potential)

37
Q

Classical Conditioning

A

Pavlov’s dogs: when an unconditioned stimulus and neutral stimulus occur in set sequence, we develop conditioned response (learning)

38
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Learning occurs when we engage is specific behaviors to receive a certain response: positive/negative reinforcement, extinction (removing variables that reinforce specific behavior) punishment

39
Q

Continuous vs partial reinforcement

A

Reinforced every time it occurs vs intermittently

40
Q

Fixed interval vs. variable interval schedule of reinforcement

A

Period of time between occurrences is fixed/set; vs time varies around a constant average

41
Q

What are the 6 basis’ of the Health Belief Model?

A

Perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit (does it reduce a threat), perceived barriers, cues to action (strategies to change), self efficacy (ability to change)

42
Q

Social Cognitive Theory

A

There are cognitive and emotional aspects to behavior and how it changes; a pt’s reality is formed through interaction of environment and cognitions which change with time and experience; social comparison is a strong source of self efficacy

43
Q

SCT: reciprocal determinism

A

The relationship between and individual and their environments - there are multiple avenues to behavioral change including environmental, skill, and personal change

44
Q

SCT: behavior capability

A

The process of learning how make a change in behavior

45
Q

Trans-theoretical model: Stages of Change

A

Pre contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance
This process is not linear and people may repeat stages several times

46
Q

Key to adult learning

A

They need to feel there is a functionality to it or they will become disinterested

47
Q

3 Domains of Learning

A

Affective (attitudes, values, emotions); receiving, responding, valuing, organization, characterization;
Cognitive: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation
Psychomotor: perceptions, set, guided response, mechanism, complex overt response, adaption, organization

48
Q

5 Stages of Dying

A

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

49
Q

Multidisciplinary model vs interdisciplinary vs transdisciplinary

A

Multiple different providers, communicating through medical record; vs. disciples functioning independently but routinely reporting to ea other; vs. functioning as a collective unity with team goals

Neuro (17 decks)

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