Other

Question 1

nosocominal infection; how to prevent

Answer 1

infection acquired during a hospitalization; hand washing & proper control procedures

Question 2

asepsis

Answer 2

eliination of microorganisms and creation of a sterile field

Question 3

medical asepsis

Answer 3

technique of containing pathogens to a specific area, object, or person to reduce the spread.

Question 4

surgical asepsis

Answer 4

a stat in which in area or object is without any micoorgansims; a sterile field

Question 5

Title I-IV

Answer 5

Employment, public services, public accommodations, telecommunications, miscellaneous; ADA regulations - does not require employers to make accommodations that would pose “undue hardship”

Question 6

ramps ADA

Answer 6

12in run for every vertical 1in (8.43% grade); min of 36in wide, equipped with handrails of the grade >6in or farther than 72in, turning area must be at least 60inx60in

Question 7

ADA doorway

Answer 7

max 32in width, 24in depth

Question 8

ADA threshold

Answer 8

less than 3/4in sliding doors, <1/2in reg doors

Question 9

carpet

Answer 9

<1/2in

Question 10

hallway

Answer 10

36in wide

Question 11

wheelchair turning radius

Answer 11

60in width x 78in length

Question 12

forward reach in chair

Answer 12

15in-48in

Question 13

side reach in chair

Answer 13

24in max

Question 14

bathroom sink

Answer 14

29in-40in from floor to bottom of mirror; 17in minimum depth under sink to back of wall

Question 15

bathroom toilet

Answer 15

17-19in from floor to top of toilet, 36in minimum grab bar length, 1.5in spacing between grab bar and wall, grab bar 33-36in from floor

Question 16

hotel

Answer 16

2% of rooms must be ADA accessible

Question 17

parking space

Answer 17

96% in width, 24 in length; 2% of spaces must be ADA accessible

Question 18

paternalism

Answer 18

term used when someone fails to recognize another individuals rights and autonomy

Question 19

Teleological theory

Answer 19

ethics based on determining if the outcome of an action will be a good or bad outcome; do no harm

Question 20

Deontologism theory

Answer 20

ethics based on determining if the decision is moral or not

Question 21

The nagi model

Answer 21

model of disability; describes disease based on pathology, impairments, functional limitation and disability.

Question 22

International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) Model

Answer 22

classification of health and health related domains such as body function, body structure, impairments, activity limitations, participation restrictions, enviornmental factors

Question 23

abandonment

Answer 23

unacceptable one sided termination of services by a health care professional without patient consent

Question 24

tort

Answer 24

a private or civil wrong/injury, involving omission and or commission

Question 25

Mutual companies vs stock companies

Answer 25

Operated nationally but owned by individual policy holders vs. owned by stockholders

Question 26

Managed care

Answer 26

HMO & PPO (health matiencne organizations/preferred provider organizations); contracted by the insurance company at a lower cost

Question 27

Health maintenance organization

Answer 27

HMO - all services are through a predetermined provider - cost containment is a high priority (ex: Kaiser)

Question 28

Preferred provider organization

Answer 28

PPO; can choose their provider (Ex: BCBS)

Question 29

Consolidated Omnibus Budget reconciliation (COBRA)

Answer 29

Law stating an employee who lost their job may stay under their previous employers insurance plan for a period of time; but may have to pay a portion of the premium

Question 30

Fee for service

Answer 30

Payers assume primary financial risk; Freedom of choice, unlimited access to providers, Co-pays (80%,20%) limited cost control, minimal emphasis on health promotion/education

Question 31

Managed care

Answer 31

Providers share in financial risk; no choice, PCP is a gate keeper, cost is fixed, formal quality and utilization review, emphasis on health education and preventative medicine

Question 32

Medicare Part A vs B

Answer 32

A is for hospitals, diagnostic services, sub-acute, and hospice - automatic enrollment, paid for with taxes; B is voluntary and includes OP physician series, and medical equipment, paid for by premiums from beneficiaries and general federal tax revenues

Question 33

Medicare co-pay and deductible

Answer 33

Yes there is a deductible Coinsurance requires 20% be paid for by pt Limit set on Hosptial days and 100 days for extended care facilities

Question 34

Medicaid

Answer 34

Based on income - welfare, public access benefits - covers inpatient and outpatient services paid for by the federal and state governments

Question 35

Workers comp

Answer 35

Pt receives salary and paid for medical expenses if injured on the job - employers with 10 or more employees must pay percentage of each employee salary to workers comp board of state (based on the high risk of the job)

Question 36

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs

Answer 36

There is a hierarchy of biogenic and psychogenic needs that we must progress through: Phsyiological needs> Affliative needs (security, stability) > Esteem needs (wanting to feel good, be respected) > Self actualization needs (need to realize one's full potential)

Question 37

Classical Conditioning

Answer 37

Pavlov's dogs: when an unconditioned stimulus and neutral stimulus occur in set sequence, we develop conditioned response (learning)

Question 38

Operant conditioning

Answer 38

Learning occurs when we engage is specific behaviors to receive a certain response: positive/negative reinforcement, extinction (removing variables that reinforce specific behavior) punishment

Question 39

Continuous vs partial reinforcement

Answer 39

Reinforced every time it occurs vs intermittently

Question 40

Fixed interval vs. variable interval schedule of reinforcement

Answer 40

Period of time between occurrences is fixed/set; vs time varies around a constant average

Question 41

What are the 6 basis' of the Health Belief Model?

Answer 41

Perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit (does it reduce a threat), perceived barriers, cues to action (strategies to change), self efficacy (ability to change)

Question 42

Social Cognitive Theory

Answer 42

There are cognitive and emotional aspects to behavior and how it changes; a pt's reality is formed through interaction of environment and cognitions which change with time and experience; social comparison is a strong source of self efficacy

Question 43

SCT: reciprocal determinism

Answer 43

The relationship between and individual and their environments - there are multiple avenues to behavioral change including environmental, skill, and personal change

Question 44

SCT: behavior capability

Answer 44

The process of learning how make a change in behavior

Question 45

Trans-theoretical model: Stages of Change

Answer 45

Pre contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance This process is not linear and people may repeat stages several times

Question 46

Key to adult learning

Answer 46

They need to feel there is a functionality to it or they will become disinterested

Question 47

3 Domains of Learning

Answer 47

Affective (attitudes, values, emotions); receiving, responding, valuing, organization, characterization; Cognitive: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, evaluation Psychomotor: perceptions, set, guided response, mechanism, complex overt response, adaption, organization

Question 48

5 Stages of Dying

Answer 48

Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance

Question 49

Multidisciplinary model vs interdisciplinary vs transdisciplinary

Answer 49

Multiple different providers, communicating through medical record; vs. disciples functioning independently but routinely reporting to ea other; vs. functioning as a collective unity with team goals