Learn me please Flashcards
phenylketonuria
cognitive delay and behavioral issues due to excess phenylalanine which is neurotoxic
tay sach’s deisease
accumulation of GM2 causes cognitive delay and deteriation of motor skills and paralysis; common in jewish communities; pts die by 5yo
Wilson’s disease
appears in ages 4-6 causes inability to metabolize copper leading to degenerative cognitive changes, ataxia, osteomalacia, atrophy, and contractures
onychomycosis
fungal infection that affects the toenails & nail beds
tinea pedis
athletes foot
primary intention wound closure
reapproximated with sutures
secondary intention
wound cant be reapproximated and is closed on its own
tertiary intention
delayed primary intention due to infection, etc. - left open then closed later
avulsion wound
degloving
arterial insufficency wounds
lateral malleolus, smooth edges, severe pain, minimal exudate, decreased skin temperature, shiny leg/hair loss
venous insufficency wounds
medial malleolus, moderate/heavy exudate, increased edema, flaking/dry skin, leg elevation lessens pain; normal skin temp
neuropathic ulcer
DM risk factor, places on foot with pressure or shear forces, low/moderate exudate, loss of protective sensation; decreased skin temp
wound types: vs. superficial, partial thickness, deep, subcutaneous
superficial: like a sunburn, epidermis intact; partial thickness into but not through the dermis; full thickness through dermis completely; subcutaneous: into fat, muscle, tendon, or bone
Wagner ulcer grade scale
grades 0-5; 0 = no ulcer, 2 = ulcer exposes bone; 4= gangrene, 5 = you need to amputate
Staging Ulcers I-IV
I = nonblanchable redness; II = partial thickness tissue loss of the dermis; III = full thickness loss without bone, muscle or tendon exposed (just fat); IV = exposed bone, tendon, or muscle; unstagable = if slough or eschar is covering it
types of dressings for autolytic debridement
hydrocolloids, hydrogels, foam dressings, transparent film, alginates
hydrocolloids
like blister pads, absorb lots of exudate, waterproof, microcrobial affects
hydrogels
used with minimal drainge
pro tip: functional position
meaning “what’s gonna allow for the most function” for the hand, this would be fingers splinted in flexion with thumb in abduction so you can sorta hold/grasp things
pro tip: if you really dont know the answer
think of your anatomy.
what is maximal grip strength for a dyanometer
2 or 3
what cranial N is responsible for ptosis?
CN III - innervates levator palpebrae superioris
what’s the first thing you do for someone having a seziure?
roll them on their side
where do nerve roots exit?
below the level of the vertebra. ex: below the L5 vertebra = L5 nerve root
how often should seated pressure relief be performed?
every 15-20min
what DTR response would you expect from someone with hypothyroidism
hyporeflexia
pro-tip: key words
look for key words such as “independently” “standard” etc. that might make a difference in your answer
primary risk factors of atherloscelrosis
smoking, high BP, hyperlipidemia
if we can’t recreate the pain, what do you do?
send them back to the physician
initial goal of PT with a peripheral N injury is…
maintain range, protect the joint
to determine what kind of inflammatory process the pt is going through, you ask….
is your pain constant or intermittent
what’s the purpose of CPM after a TKA?
regain knee flexion
validity vs. reliability
validity = measures what its supposed to measure; reliability = accurate and reproducible
best way to learn
knowledge of results and random practice
during phase 1 cardiac rehab, when do you stop rehab
systolic >210 diastolic >110; HR >20bpm resting
what position should a person’s hemiplegic arm be positioned in
scapular protraction, elbow extension, forearm supination, wrist neutral
recommended interventions for hetertrophic ossification
proper positioning, gentle stretching
how much drainage can a hydrocolloid handle?
min to moderate
define augment
make something greater, add to it
if a person has 3-/5 strength, assume they cannot functionally move against gravity correctly
what she said
bifeedback from E stim
does not show muscle contraction
what does APGAR test
HR color, respiration, muscle tone, reflex irritability
most common type of subluxation
inferior
what increases with prolonged bed rest
HR
deficits with SCFE
limitations in hip IR and abduction
tarsal tunnel vs. posterior tib tendonitis
tarsal tunnel = pain + numbness in medial ankle radiating into plantar foot; posterior tib = pain in the medial leg and behind medial malleolus
primary restraint against posterior or anterior dislocation in overhead activities?
inferior glenohumeral ligament
bigemy
PVCs every other; multifocal = mulitple PVCs but they look different
does something need to be over or under a critical value to statistically significant?
over
