Learn me please Flashcards

1
Q

phenylketonuria

A

cognitive delay and behavioral issues due to excess phenylalanine which is neurotoxic

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2
Q

tay sach’s deisease

A

accumulation of GM2 causes cognitive delay and deteriation of motor skills and paralysis; common in jewish communities; pts die by 5yo

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3
Q

Wilson’s disease

A

appears in ages 4-6 causes inability to metabolize copper leading to degenerative cognitive changes, ataxia, osteomalacia, atrophy, and contractures

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4
Q

onychomycosis

A

fungal infection that affects the toenails & nail beds

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5
Q

tinea pedis

A

athletes foot

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6
Q

primary intention wound closure

A

reapproximated with sutures

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7
Q

secondary intention

A

wound cant be reapproximated and is closed on its own

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8
Q

tertiary intention

A

delayed primary intention due to infection, etc. - left open then closed later

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9
Q

avulsion wound

A

degloving

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10
Q

arterial insufficency wounds

A

lateral malleolus, smooth edges, severe pain, minimal exudate, decreased skin temperature, shiny leg/hair loss

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11
Q

venous insufficency wounds

A

medial malleolus, moderate/heavy exudate, increased edema, flaking/dry skin, leg elevation lessens pain; normal skin temp

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12
Q

neuropathic ulcer

A

DM risk factor, places on foot with pressure or shear forces, low/moderate exudate, loss of protective sensation; decreased skin temp

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13
Q

wound types: vs. superficial, partial thickness, deep, subcutaneous

A

superficial: like a sunburn, epidermis intact; partial thickness into but not through the dermis; full thickness through dermis completely; subcutaneous: into fat, muscle, tendon, or bone

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14
Q

Wagner ulcer grade scale

A

grades 0-5; 0 = no ulcer, 2 = ulcer exposes bone; 4= gangrene, 5 = you need to amputate

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15
Q

Staging Ulcers I-IV

A

I = nonblanchable redness; II = partial thickness tissue loss of the dermis; III = full thickness loss without bone, muscle or tendon exposed (just fat); IV = exposed bone, tendon, or muscle; unstagable = if slough or eschar is covering it

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16
Q

types of dressings for autolytic debridement

A

hydrocolloids, hydrogels, foam dressings, transparent film, alginates

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17
Q

hydrocolloids

A

like blister pads, absorb lots of exudate, waterproof, microcrobial affects

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18
Q

hydrogels

A

used with minimal drainge

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19
Q

pro tip: functional position

A

meaning “what’s gonna allow for the most function” for the hand, this would be fingers splinted in flexion with thumb in abduction so you can sorta hold/grasp things

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20
Q

pro tip: if you really dont know the answer

A

think of your anatomy.

21
Q

what is maximal grip strength for a dyanometer

A

2 or 3

22
Q

what cranial N is responsible for ptosis?

A

CN III - innervates levator palpebrae superioris

23
Q

what’s the first thing you do for someone having a seziure?

A

roll them on their side

24
Q

where do nerve roots exit?

A

below the level of the vertebra. ex: below the L5 vertebra = L5 nerve root

25
Q

how often should seated pressure relief be performed?

A

every 15-20min

26
Q

what DTR response would you expect from someone with hypothyroidism

A

hyporeflexia

27
Q

pro-tip: key words

A

look for key words such as “independently” “standard” etc. that might make a difference in your answer

28
Q

primary risk factors of atherloscelrosis

A

smoking, high BP, hyperlipidemia

29
Q

if we can’t recreate the pain, what do you do?

A

send them back to the physician

30
Q

initial goal of PT with a peripheral N injury is…

A

maintain range, protect the joint

31
Q

to determine what kind of inflammatory process the pt is going through, you ask….

A

is your pain constant or intermittent

32
Q

what’s the purpose of CPM after a TKA?

A

regain knee flexion

33
Q

validity vs. reliability

A

validity = measures what its supposed to measure; reliability = accurate and reproducible

34
Q

best way to learn

A

knowledge of results and random practice

35
Q

during phase 1 cardiac rehab, when do you stop rehab

A

systolic >210 diastolic >110; HR >20bpm resting

36
Q

what position should a person’s hemiplegic arm be positioned in

A

scapular protraction, elbow extension, forearm supination, wrist neutral

37
Q

recommended interventions for hetertrophic ossification

A

proper positioning, gentle stretching

38
Q

how much drainage can a hydrocolloid handle?

A

min to moderate

39
Q

define augment

A

make something greater, add to it

40
Q

if a person has 3-/5 strength, assume they cannot functionally move against gravity correctly

A

what she said

41
Q

bifeedback from E stim

A

does not show muscle contraction

42
Q

what does APGAR test

A

HR color, respiration, muscle tone, reflex irritability

43
Q

most common type of subluxation

A

inferior

44
Q

what increases with prolonged bed rest

A

HR

45
Q

deficits with SCFE

A

limitations in hip IR and abduction

46
Q

tarsal tunnel vs. posterior tib tendonitis

A

tarsal tunnel = pain + numbness in medial ankle radiating into plantar foot; posterior tib = pain in the medial leg and behind medial malleolus

47
Q

primary restraint against posterior or anterior dislocation in overhead activities?

A

inferior glenohumeral ligament

48
Q

bigemy

A

PVCs every other; multifocal = mulitple PVCs but they look different

49
Q

does something need to be over or under a critical value to statistically significant?

A

over