Pediatrics

Question 1

Cyclic vomiting syndrome

Answer 1

Is an idiopathic disorder that typically presents in children 4-7 years old.
Repeated, intermittent, stereotypical bouts of severe nausea, vomiting, and lethargy, which are self-limited and have no apparent cause.
It is associated with a family (or personal) history of migraines. Supportive therapy may be required during acute episodes, and some evidence suggests the use of antimigraine medications may be beneficial as prophylaxis.

Question 1

Intestinal malrotation

Answer 1

presents in newborns with bilious emesis, an upper gastrointestinal series demonstrating a misplaced duodenum, and a “corkscrew” appearance of the distal duodenum and proximal jejunum.

Question 2

What is the best management to minimize the progression to amblyopia in the evidence of strabismus?

Answer 2

The unaffected left eye should be occluded or use Cycloplegic and mydriatic eye drops to “recruit,” and encourage use of the affected eye.

Question 3

Granulomatous infantiseptica

Answer 3

Listeria monocytogenes infection
the neonatal presentation is severe and fatal in 20 to 30% of cases.
Common manifestations in the newborn include sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis, and a pathognomonic finding, widespread microabscesses, and granulomas.