Cardiology

Question 1

Mobitz type II heart block is usually the result of dysfunction in?

Answer 1

the His-Purkinje system

Question 2

Mitral valve prolapse vs regurgitation

Answer 2

MVP: the mitral leaflets bulge into the left atrium every time the ventricles contract.
Late systolic crescendo murmur at the apex with mid-systolic click.

Mitral regurgitation the most common cause is a complication from mitral valve prolapse.
Murmur: holosystolic (pansystolic) murmur, heard best at the apex.

Question 3

The most common cause of aortic stenosis in a young patient is?

Answer 3

a bicuspid aortic valve.

Question 4

T waves and central nervous system pathology

Answer 4

Diffuse, deep, symmetrically inverted T waves may be seen in a severe central nervous system trauma or pathology.
These are called cerebral T waves: Ex, ischemic stroke, intracranial bleeding, and traumatic brain injury.
This could be explained by autonomic dysfunction and alterations in ventricular repolarization.