Neurology

Question 1

The bleeding in a subarachnoid hemorrhage occurs between?

Answer 1

the arachnoid and pia mater.

Question 2

Multiple system atrophy (MSA)

Answer 2

A degenerative neurologic disorder that presents with symptoms of Parkinsonism, unresponsive to levodopa, cerebellar ataxia, orthostatic hypotension, incontinence, impotence, and other autonomic symptoms. Definitive diagnosis may only be made on autopsy evaluation, with CNS tissue showing numerous glial cytoplasmic inclusions.

Question 3

Neurofibromatosis Type I

Answer 3

Mutation in NF1 tumor
suppressor gene on
chromosome 17.
Café-au-lait spots, Intellectual disability,
Cutaneous neurofibromas, Lisch
nodules (pigmented iris hamartomas),
Optic gliomas, Pheochromocytomas,
Seizures/focal neurologic Signs (often
from meningioma), bone lesions (eg,
sphenoid dysplasia).

Question 4

Neurofibromatosis Type II

Answer 4

Mutation in NF2
tumor suppressor
gene (merlin) on
chromosome 22.
Bilateral vestibular schwannomas, juvenile
cataracts, meningiomas, ependymomas.

Question 5

Electrolyte disturbance in subarachnoid hemorrhage

Answer 5

Hyponatremia after SAH (occurring in an estimated 10-40% of cases).
Manifests within 10 days of initial presentation.
The 2 primary/suspected causes of hyponatremia in SAH include syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) versus cerebral salt wasting.