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Maternal Newborn > Pediatric Class > Flashcards

Pediatric Class Flashcards

1
Q

What is growth

A

Increase in size but does not necessarily include development

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2
Q

What is development

A

Maturation of structures and includes growth

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3
Q

What growth pattern do infants follow

A

Rapid growth period, especially the first 6 months…. Head grows the fastest

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4
Q

What growth pattern do toddlers follow

A

Trunk grows the fastest

Bow legged due to leg muscles bearing the weight of the large trunk

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5
Q

What growth pattern do pre schoolers follow

A

Slower growth period
Trunk grows the fastest
Healthy preschooler is slender with good posture

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6
Q

What is the growth pattern for school, age children

A

Girls grow faster than boys

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7
Q

What are predictable growth patterns for adolescents

A

Rapid growth period, puberty
Onset of puberty for girls is between 8-14
Onset of puberty for boys is between 9-16

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8
Q

Who weighs more breast fed or bottle fed babies

A

Breast fed

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9
Q

When are growth charts used

A

From birth to 36 months

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10
Q

What is true of weight at 6 months

A

It doubles

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11
Q

What is true at weight in 1 yr

A

It should triple

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12
Q

What is BMI

A

Body mass index is the recommended method for screening children for over weight and under weight. BMI can be used from 2 yrs thru adulthood

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13
Q

What are the BMI parameters

A

Greater than 95% overweight
Between 85-95% at risk for being overweight
Less than 5% underweight

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14
Q

What is the average birth length

A

20 inches

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15
Q

What is the rate in which children should grow in the first year

A

They should grow about 10 inches in 1 year

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16
Q

What is the rate that children should grow in the 2nd year

A

5 inches

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17
Q

From age 3 until puberty, how much should a child grow

A

2.5 inches each year

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18
Q

At 2 years of age, how is a child length compared to that of an adult

A

2 yrs of age birth length is half of adult height

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19
Q

What is true of height at 4 yrs of age

A

Birth length doubles

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20
Q

What is the appropriate age range to perform head circumference

A

3 yrs of age and younger

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21
Q

What is true of head to chest ratio at birth

A

The head is larger than chest circumference by about 2 inches

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22
Q

By what age is the head equal to the chest circumference

A

By 24 months

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23
Q

Hydrocephele

A

CSF in head

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24
Q

Define gross motor development

A

The developmental maturation in posture, head balance, sitting, creeping, standing and walking

25
Define fine motor development
The use of hands and fingers in the pretension ( grasp) of an object
26
By 1 month what are developmental milestones
``` Turning head from side to side when prone Marked head lag Grasp reflex strong Hand clenches on contact with rattle Quiets when hears a voice Cries Comfort sounds during feeding ```
27
By age 2 months what are developmental milestones
``` POSTERIOR FONTANEL CLOSED Less heads lag When prone can lift head 45 degrees off table/ head bobs Follows toy from side to side Eyes follow moving person Hands often open/ briefly holds objects Keeps hands fisted 50 % of the time ```
28
By 3 months of age, what are developmental milestones
``` Holds head well/ no head lag Holds a rattle Follows a object in periphery Locates sound by turning head to side Begins to babble Les crying during periods of wakefulness Recognizes familiar faces and objects ```
29
By 4 months of age what reflexes dissapear
Moro reflex Rooting reflex Palmer grasp
30
At 4 months of age, what are developmental milestones
``` Balances head well in a sitting position Rolls from back to side Laughs aloud Reaches and holds objects Grasps objects with both hands Carries objects to mouth Begins to show memory Demands attention by fussing, becomes bored if left alone ```
31
By 5 months of age what occurs
Beginning signs of tooth eruption
32
By 5 months of age, what are developmental milestones
``` Rolls fro front to back Smiles at mirror image Squeals Visually pursues a dropped object Plays with toes, takes objects directly to mouth, grasps voluntarily Hand to hand transfer ```
33
What happen developmentally at 6 months of age
CHEWING AMD BITING OCCUR BIRTH WEIGHT DOUBLES Tonic reflex has disappeared Can sit with support/ when held In a standing position bears almost all of weight. Can hold a bottle/ grasp feet/ feed themselves crackers Fears strangers/ holds arms out to be picked up Definite likes and dislikes Babbles one syllable words
34
What is true developmentally by 7 months of age
``` Sits leaning forward Can grasp with thumb and fingers at 7-8 months Raking objects Develops object permanence Responds to own name Looks for objects out of view Has taste preferences Plays peekaboo Beginning awareness and depth and space Imitates simple acts and noises Talks when others are taking ```
35
By 8 months of age, what is true of development
Bears weight on legs when supported Sits unsupported Releases objects at will Reaches persistently for toys out of reach Increasing anxiety of loss of parent Combines syllables but does not ascribe meaning to the ( dada)
36
By 9 months of age, what developmental milestones should occur
``` WEANING TO A CUP FROM A BOTTLE Pulls to a standing position Creep on hands and knees understands NO NO Preference for use of dominant hand Compares 2 cubes by bringing them together ```
37
By what age should infants be off the bottle
By 12 months
38
By 10 months, what developmental skills should the baby possess
``` THE PLANTAR GRASP HAS DISAPPEARED Change fro prone to sitting position Can walk while holding on to a table Deliberately lets go of an object/ offers object to someone else Says mama and dada with meaning May say one word (hi bye no) ```
39
By 11 months, what is true of development
Continues to walk while holding onto furniture Puts objects in a container and likes to remove it Reacts to restrictions with frustration Rolls ball to another
40
By 12 months of age, what occurs developmentally
WEIGHT TRIPLES FROM BIRTH WEIGHT Walks holding someone's hand/ says 3-5 words May attempt to stand alone/ recognizes objects by name Can sit down for standing position without help Attempts to build a 2 tower block/comprehends meaning of several words/ understands simple commands Can turn pages in a book/ shows emotions such as jealousy and affection
41
When does the anterior FONTANEL close?
Abby 18 months of age
42
Are growth and development the same
No
43
When is the primary dentition (20 teeth) completed
By 30 months (6 months shy of 3 yrs)
44
By 2 yrs of age, what reflex disappears (toddler)
Babinski reflex
45
When does a toddler begin to walk without help
By 15 months
46
When does a toddler begin to walk up and down stairs one step at a time, and kick a ball forward
By 24 months
47
When does a toddler begin to jump with both feet
By 30 months
48
When does a toddler begin to walk upstairs with one hand and run
By 18 months
49
What is true of a toddlers fine motor skills by this age
Builds 2 block towers and scribbles spontaneously by 15 mnths Builds a 3-4 tower block by 18 months Builds a 6-7 tower block by 24 months Builds an 8 tower block and copies a cross at 30 months
50
What is true of a toddlers development
Ritualism, use tantrums to assert independence They can have tantrums as long as they are safe By 15 months can use 4-6 words By 18 months can use 10-20 words By 24 months can use 300 words Between 1-3 years can verbalize the need for toileting, food, or drink, can give 1st name
51
What is true of preschoolers
Can ride a tricycle,stand on one foot and broad jump at age 3 Can hop skip and catch a ball at age 4 Can jump, balance on alternate feet with eyes closed skip on alternate feet at age 5
52
When do preschoolers preschoolers begin to lace there own shoes
Age 4
53
When do preschoolers use scissors, print a few letters and numbers
By age 5
54
When do preschoolers develop the fear of the dark and going to bed
Age 3
55
What is the primary purpose for preschool programs
To faster the child's social skills
56
How many words can a 3 yr old speak
900 words, they can speak in 3-4 word sentences
57
How many words can a 4 yr old speak
1500 words | Questioning why is at its peak
58
How many words can a 5 yr old speak
2100 words they speak in 6-8 word sentences and know 4 or more colors

Maternal Newborn (26 decks)

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