Pedia Flashcards
Newborn Care. Neonate HR
Continue PPV
Start chest compression
Newborn Care. Neonate HR
Epi IV/ET
Factor to consider ET intubation in newborn.
Apnea/ HR
APGAR score with good cardiopulmonary adaptation
APGAR 8-10
APGAR with need for resuscitation, esp. ventilatory support
4-7
APGAR score with need for immediate resuscitation
0-3
GABHS type that causes throat infection
Type 12
GABHS type that causes skin infection
Type 49
Acute PSGN, what type of immune reaction
Type III
Immune complex mediated
C3 levels in If IgA nephropathy
Within normal
Latency period of PSGN from sore throat
1-2wks
Latency period of PSGN from pyoderma
3-6wks
Best single Ab titer to document GABHS skin infection
Anti DNase
Ab titer to document GABHS throat infection
ASO titer
Hypertension from Acute PSGN will normalize after?
4-6 wks
Microscopic hematuria from acute PSGN can persist how long from initial presentation?
12-24 months
Acute phase of PSGN generally resolves within
6-8 wks
Antibiotic used to treat Acute PSGN
10 day course of penicillin
Histopathologic hallmark of RPGN/CGN
Crescents in the majority of glomeruli
Tx to prevent progression of CGN in SLE, HSP, IgA neph, etc.
High dose steroid
Cyclophosphamide
Organisms that can cause Hemolytic Uremic Syndrom
Shigella dysenteriae type 1
E. coli O157:H7
Triad of Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Renal insufficiency
HUS is usually preceded by what
Gastroenteritis (fever, vomiting, abd pain, bloody diarrhea)
Laboratory criteria for diagnosing HUS
Anemia
Renal insufficiency
Differentiates TTP from HUS
CNS disturbance
Fever
Gradual onset
Characteristic of HUS on PBS
Helmet cells
Burr cells
Fragmented RBCs
Confirmatory of renal vein thrombosis
Doppler ultrasound
Viruses that can cause cystitis
Adenovirus 11 & 21 (boys)
Influenza A
UTI diagnostic reqt
Urine culture =/>50,000 cfu/mL cath specimen
Dipstick (+) LE or nitrites
microscopy: WBC +/- bacteria
Treatment of UTI >17yo or for resistant strains such as pseudomonas
Ciprofloxacin
Protein 1+
30mg/dL
Protein 2+
100mg/dL
Protein 3+
300mg/dL
Protein 4+
> 2000mg/dL
Most common identified cause of nephrotic syndrome
Minimal change disease (85%)
Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome
Idiopathic (90%)
Most common histologic type of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
Minimal change disease
The major complication of NS
Infection
Spontaneously bacterial peritonitis: S. Pneumoniae, E. Coli
Drugs used for eye prophylaxis
Erythromycin 0.5%
Tetracycline 1%
Dose and route of Vit K in newborn care
1mg IM
RA for newborn screening test
RA 9288
Schedule for newborn screening
48hrs
Schedule of newborn screening for preterm infants
5-7 days old
If incorrect timing of NBS, may be repeated after
2wks
NBS may be one on sick babies up to?
1month
Enzyme deficiency in congenital adrenal hyperplasia
21-hydroxylase enzyme
Increased in serum of patients with CAh
17-hydroxyprogesterone
Electrolyte imbalance in CAH
Hyperkalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypocholiridemia
Classic form of galactosemia
Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency (GALT)
Substances that precipitate hemolysis in G6PD
Sulfonamides Chloramphenicol Nalidixic acid Nitrofurantoin Antimalarials Vitamin K analogs ASA Benzene Napthalene
Enzyme deficiency in Phenylketonuria
Phenylalanin hydroxylase
Birth injury, subperiosteal bleed that does not cross the suture lines
Cephalhematoma
Birth injury, subperiosteal bleed that crosss the suture lines, involves the presenting part
Caput succedaneum
Birth injury associated with vaccum delivery, beneath the occipitofrontalis aponeurosis, from rupture of the emissary veins
Subgaleal hematoma
Erb duchene palsy injured nerves
C5-C6
Klumpke palsy nerves injured
C8-T1
Most commonly fractured bone during delivery
Clavicular fracture
Congenital eye defect on the iris, lens, or retina (cleft/notch)
Coloboma
Congenital eye defect, absent iris
Aniridia
Congenital eye defect, tearing, photophobia, cornea >1cm
Glaucoma
Hydrocele usually resolves after __
12 mos
> 12 mos hydrocelectomy
Undescended testis usually resolves commonly when?
1-3mos
Fate of undescended testis at 4mos
Will remain undescended
Surgicall treatment of undescended testis is ideally dine when?
9-15mos old
Low birth weight
Very low birth weight
Extremely low birth weight
IUGR
BW is
LGA
> 90th percentile for gestational age
Post term infants
42 wks
Physiologic jaundice
48hrs after TB increase not more that 5mg/dl/day TB peaks at 14-15mg/dL DB not more than 10% of TB Reseolves in 1wk term (2wk preterm)
Most common cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn
ABO incompatibility
Most common Rh incompatibility are due to
D-antigen (90%)
Pure red cell aplasia AKA
Diamond-Blackfan syndrome
Diamond-Blackfan Syndrome PBS
Macrocytic, reticulocytopenia
Most common hmatologic disease of infancy and childhood
Iron deficiency anemia
Iron deficiency anemia PBS
Hypochromic microcytic
Most important sign of IdA
Pallor
Hgb level that warrants admission and BT
4mg/dL
Differentiates IdA from anemia of chronic disease
High TIBC
Both have low serum iron levels
Treatment of IdA
Elemental iron 4-6mg/kg/day
Repletion of iron stores with elemental iron supplementation occurs at
1-3months
Also best time to do rpt cbc
Anemia with absent Beta-globin production
Cooley’s anemia (Beta-thalassemia Major)
Definitive diagnosis of Beta Thalassemia
Hb Electrophoresis
Most common cause of thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood
Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura
Diagnosis os ITP
Thrombocytopenia
Increased megakaryocytes on BMA along with normal marrow elements
Treatment of ITP
IVIg & Plt Transfusion
Prednisone
The most common inherited bleeding disorder
von Willebrand’s Disease
Newborn Care. Neonate HR
Provide PPV
