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Erwin Personal Flash Cards > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Largest bacteria

A

Thiomargarita namibensis

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2
Q

Largest medically important bacteria

A

Borelia burgdorferi

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3
Q

Plays important role in facilitating the passage of small hydrophilic molecule into the cell.

A

Porin protein

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4
Q

Gram positive bacteria that lacks endtoxin

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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5
Q

Technique used to view spirochetes

A

Darkfield microscopy

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6
Q

Technique used to visualize Legionella spp.

A

Silver stain

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7
Q

Technique used to stain Rickeysiae

A

Giemsa/Tissue stains

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8
Q

Non-essential bacterial component that protects against phagocytosis

A

Capsule

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9
Q

Cell wall composition of Bacillus anthracis

A

Polypeptide D-Glutamate

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10
Q

Type of bacteria that uses fermentation but can tolerate low amounts of oxygen.

A

Microaerophiles

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11
Q

Enzyme present in microaerophiles that allow them to thrive in environments with low amounts of oxygen

A

Superoxide dismutase

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12
Q

Process where DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another

A

Conjugation

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13
Q

Process where DNA is transferred by a virus from one cell to another

A

Transduction

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14
Q

Salt tolerant on mannitol agar

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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15
Q

Treatment of choice for S. epidermis infections

A

Vancomycin (50% Are methicillin resitant)

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16
Q

2nd most common cause of infection in sexually active women

A

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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17
Q

Bile optochin sensitive

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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18
Q

Bile optochin resistant

A

Viridans streptococci

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19
Q

Bacitracin sensitive

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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20
Q

Bacitracin resistant

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

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21
Q

Gamma hemolytic, Gram (+) cocci in chains

A

Group D streptococci

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22
Q

Positive for PYR test

A

S. Pyogenes

Group D streptococci

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23
Q

Etiologic agent of Impetigo contagiosa

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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24
Q

Accumulation of neutrophils in impetigo contagiosa

A

Beneath stratum corneum

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25
Q

Components of Jones Criteria

A

P-E-C-C-S

Polyarthirits
Erythema marginatum
Chorea(sydenham)
Carditis(pericarditis)
Subcutaneous nodules
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26
Q

Most common cause of neonatal pneumonia,msepsis and meningitis

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (Grp B strep)

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27
Q

Can cause marantic endocarditis

A

Streptococcus bovis

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28
Q

Hydrolyzes esculin in bile-esculin agar

A

Group B streptococcus

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29
Q

Common cause of meningitis is children

A

Neisseria maningitidis

Haemophilis influenzae

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30
Q

Most common cause of meningitis in adults

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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31
Q

Positive Quellung reaction

A

Streptococcus

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32
Q

Most common cause of subacute and native valve endocarditi

A

Streptococcus sanguis

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33
Q

Tumbling motility

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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34
Q

Poly-D-Gluta ate gram (+) bacillus

A

Bacillus anthracis

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35
Q

DOC for Bacillus anthracis

A

Ciprofloxacin or Doxycycline

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36
Q

DOC of Clostridium tetani

A

Metronidazole

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37
Q

Double hemolysis on blood agar, growth on egg-yolk agar

A

Clostridium perfringens

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38
Q

Spore forming gran positive aerobe that causes gas gangrene and myonecrosis

A

Clostridium perfringens

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39
Q

Antibiotics that suppress normal flora allowing C. Deficille to overgrow

A

Clindamycin
2nd & 3rd gen cephalosporins
Ampicillin

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40
Q

Causes pseudomembranous pharyngitis

A

C. diptheriae

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41
Q

Causes pseudomembranous esophagitis

A

Candida albicans

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42
Q

Paradoxical growth in cold temperature

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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43
Q

Unpasteurized milk

A

Listeria monocytogenes

44
Q

Requires factor X(hemin) and V(NAD) for growth

A

Haemophilus influenzae

45
Q

Responsible for cherry red epiglottis and thumb sign on XRAY

A

H. influenzae (epiglottitis

46
Q

Causative agent of Laryngotracheobronchitis

A

Parainfluenza virus (steeple sign)

Tx:racemic epinephrine

47
Q

Bordet-gengou agar or Regan-Lowe charcoal medium

A

Bordetella pertussis

48
Q

Facultative intracellular bacteria

A

Legionella pneumophila

49
Q

Swarming motility

A

Proteus mirabilis

50
Q

Most common cause of PID

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

51
Q

Most common cause of community-acquired UTI

A

E. Coli

52
Q

Most sever form of bacillary dysentery

A

Shigella dysenteriae type 1

53
Q

Shooting-star motility

A

Vibrio spp.

54
Q

Causes necrotizing pneumonia and “currant jelly sputum”

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

55
Q

Pyocyanine, grape-like odor, grown on Cetrimide agar

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

56
Q

Most virulent bacteria, presents with buboes.

A

Yersinia pestis

57
Q

Transmitted through animal. Ites. Producing buttery colonies with musty odor

A

Pasteurella multocida

58
Q

Slow growing on Lowenstein-Jensen medium, produces catalase and niacin

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

59
Q

High lipid content: mycolic acids and wax D

A

M. Tuberculosis

60
Q

Most important virulence factor of M.tuberculosis, prevents leukocyte migration

A

Cord factor

61
Q

Most common extrapulmonary TB disease

A

Scrofula

62
Q

Produces sulfur granules

A

Actinomyces israeli

63
Q

Most common cause of infectious blindness

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

64
Q

Bird fancier’s disease- sudden onset pneumonia with malaise, fever photophobia, and severe headache.

A

Chlamydia psitacci

65
Q

Chancroid, painfule genital ulcer

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

66
Q

Pseudobuboe formation, donovan bodies

A

Klebsiella granulomatosis

67
Q

Fungal toxin from Aspergillus flavus that causes Liver cancer

A

Aflatoxin

Usually through contaminated peanuts

68
Q

Spaghetti and meatballs appearance on 10%KOH

A

Malassezia furfur (tinea versicolor)

69
Q

Dimorphic fungus that lives on vegetation. Roses, thorn prick.

A

Sporothrix schenkii

70
Q

Closely mimics tuberculosis. Inhaled microconidia decelop into budding yeast inside macrophages.

A

Histoplasma capsulatom

71
Q

Most common cause of fungal pneumonia. Yeast with broad based bud.

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

72
Q

Multiple buds in wheel configuration (mariner’s wheel). Causing painful mouth and nose ulcers.

A

Paracoccidioides brasilensis

73
Q

Fungal infection that inly occur in males.

A

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Growth is inhibited by estrogen)

74
Q

Bird (pigeon) droppings

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

75
Q

Septate hyphae that form V shaped branches (acute angles)

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

76
Q

Most common AIDS defining illness occurs when CD4

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

77
Q

Smallest bacteria

A

Mycoplasma sp.

78
Q

Causes pseudoappendicitis/ Mesenteric Adenitis

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

79
Q

Pseudobuboes and painless papules that become painless ulcer with velvety surface

A

Klebsiella granulomatis

80
Q

Fungal infection that closely mimic TB

A

Histoplasmosis

81
Q

Fungus with V shaped septate hyphae. may present as fungus ball in lung cavity

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

82
Q

Saprophytic molds with nonseptate hyphae, branches at right angles

A

Rhizoups oryzae and Mucor spp

83
Q

Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection

A

Rhizopus oryzae and Mucor

84
Q

The gold standard for viral diagnosis

A

Presenc of viral DNA or RNA

85
Q

The only live attenuated vaccine that may be given to HIV positive patients

A

MMR

86
Q

Live attenuated vaccines

A

Yellow fever
Chicken pox
Sabin’s polio
MMR

87
Q

Killed vaccines

A

Rabies
Influenza
Polio (Salk’s)
Hepatitis A

88
Q

Aka 5th disease

A

Parvovirus B19

89
Q

Causes erythema infectiosum

A

Parvovirus B19

90
Q

Slapped cheek appearance and aplastic crisis

A

Parvovirus B19

91
Q

Only virus with fiber (penton fiber)

A

Adenovirus

92
Q

Most common cause of viral conjunctivitis

A

Adenovirus (41 strains)

93
Q

Most common viral STD

A

HPV 6 & 11

94
Q

Viral infection that affects immunocompromised patients.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephaly

A

JC Polyoma Virus

95
Q

Causes hemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy in patients with transplants

A

BK Polyoma virus

96
Q

Malignancy associated with EBV

A

Burkitt’s lumphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Hairy leukoplakia

97
Q

Largest virus

Presence of Guarnieri bodies

A

Small pox

98
Q

Viral infection with HP:Henderson-Peterson bodies

A

Molluscum contagium virus

99
Q

Viral infection with pinkish papular skin kesions with an UMBILLICATED center

A

Molluscum contagiosum virus

100
Q

Councilman bodies are found in?

A

Hepatitis C and B

101
Q

Mallory bodies found in

A

Alcoholic hepatitis

102
Q

Most common cause of nonbacterial diarrhea in adults

A

Norwalk virus

103
Q

Most common cause of childhood diarrhea

A

Rotavirus

104
Q

Influenza type that causes pandemics

A

Type A

105
Q

Influenza type that causes major outbreaks

A

Type B

106
Q

Influenza type that causes mild RTIs

A

Type C

Erwin Personal Flash Cards (16 decks)

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