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Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Largest bacteria

A

Thiomargarita namibensis

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2
Q

Largest medically important bacteria

A

Borelia burgdorferi

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3
Q

Plays important role in facilitating the passage of small hydrophilic molecule into the cell.

A

Porin protein

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4
Q

Gram positive bacteria that lacks endtoxin

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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5
Q

Technique used to view spirochetes

A

Darkfield microscopy

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6
Q

Technique used to visualize Legionella spp.

A

Silver stain

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7
Q

Technique used to stain Rickeysiae

A

Giemsa/Tissue stains

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8
Q

Non-essential bacterial component that protects against phagocytosis

A

Capsule

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9
Q

Cell wall composition of Bacillus anthracis

A

Polypeptide D-Glutamate

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10
Q

Type of bacteria that uses fermentation but can tolerate low amounts of oxygen.

A

Microaerophiles

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11
Q

Enzyme present in microaerophiles that allow them to thrive in environments with low amounts of oxygen

A

Superoxide dismutase

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12
Q

Process where DNA is transferred from one bacterium to another

A

Conjugation

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13
Q

Process where DNA is transferred by a virus from one cell to another

A

Transduction

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14
Q

Salt tolerant on mannitol agar

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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15
Q

Treatment of choice for S. epidermis infections

A

Vancomycin (50% Are methicillin resitant)

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16
Q

2nd most common cause of infection in sexually active women

A

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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17
Q

Bile optochin sensitive

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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18
Q

Bile optochin resistant

A

Viridans streptococci

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19
Q

Bacitracin sensitive

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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20
Q

Bacitracin resistant

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

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21
Q

Gamma hemolytic, Gram (+) cocci in chains

A

Group D streptococci

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22
Q

Positive for PYR test

A

S. Pyogenes

Group D streptococci

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23
Q

Etiologic agent of Impetigo contagiosa

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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24
Q

Accumulation of neutrophils in impetigo contagiosa

A

Beneath stratum corneum

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25
Components of Jones Criteria
P-E-C-C-S ``` Polyarthirits Erythema marginatum Chorea(sydenham) Carditis(pericarditis) Subcutaneous nodules ```
26
Most common cause of neonatal pneumonia,msepsis and meningitis
Streptococcus agalactiae (Grp B strep)
27
Can cause marantic endocarditis
Streptococcus bovis
28
Hydrolyzes esculin in bile-esculin agar
Group B streptococcus
29
Common cause of meningitis is children
Neisseria maningitidis | Haemophilis influenzae
30
Most common cause of meningitis in adults
Streptococcus pneumoniae
31
Positive Quellung reaction
Streptococcus
32
Most common cause of subacute and native valve endocarditi
Streptococcus sanguis
33
Tumbling motility
Listeria monocytogenes
34
Poly-D-Gluta ate gram (+) bacillus
Bacillus anthracis
35
DOC for Bacillus anthracis
Ciprofloxacin or Doxycycline
36
DOC of Clostridium tetani
Metronidazole
37
Double hemolysis on blood agar, growth on egg-yolk agar
Clostridium perfringens
38
Spore forming gran positive aerobe that causes gas gangrene and myonecrosis
Clostridium perfringens
39
Antibiotics that suppress normal flora allowing C. Deficille to overgrow
Clindamycin 2nd & 3rd gen cephalosporins Ampicillin
40
Causes pseudomembranous pharyngitis
C. diptheriae
41
Causes pseudomembranous esophagitis
Candida albicans
42
Paradoxical growth in cold temperature
Listeria monocytogenes
43
Unpasteurized milk
Listeria monocytogenes
44
Requires factor X(hemin) and V(NAD) for growth
Haemophilus influenzae
45
Responsible for cherry red epiglottis and thumb sign on XRAY
H. influenzae (epiglottitis
46
Causative agent of Laryngotracheobronchitis
Parainfluenza virus (steeple sign) Tx:racemic epinephrine
47
Bordet-gengou agar or Regan-Lowe charcoal medium
Bordetella pertussis
48
Facultative intracellular bacteria
Legionella pneumophila
49
Swarming motility
Proteus mirabilis
50
Most common cause of PID
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
51
Most common cause of community-acquired UTI
E. Coli
52
Most sever form of bacillary dysentery
Shigella dysenteriae type 1
53
Shooting-star motility
Vibrio spp.
54
Causes necrotizing pneumonia and "currant jelly sputum"
Klebsiella pneumoniae
55
Pyocyanine, grape-like odor, grown on Cetrimide agar
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
56
Most virulent bacteria, presents with buboes.
Yersinia pestis
57
Transmitted through animal. Ites. Producing buttery colonies with musty odor
Pasteurella multocida
58
Slow growing on Lowenstein-Jensen medium, produces catalase and niacin
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
59
High lipid content: mycolic acids and wax D
M. Tuberculosis
60
Most important virulence factor of M.tuberculosis, prevents leukocyte migration
Cord factor
61
Most common extrapulmonary TB disease
Scrofula
62
Produces sulfur granules
Actinomyces israeli
63
Most common cause of infectious blindness
Chlamydia trachomatis
64
Bird fancier's disease- sudden onset pneumonia with malaise, fever photophobia, and severe headache.
Chlamydia psitacci
65
Chancroid, painfule genital ulcer
Haemophilus ducreyi
66
Pseudobuboe formation, donovan bodies
Klebsiella granulomatosis
67
Fungal toxin from Aspergillus flavus that causes Liver cancer
Aflatoxin | Usually through contaminated peanuts
68
Spaghetti and meatballs appearance on 10%KOH
Malassezia furfur (tinea versicolor)
69
Dimorphic fungus that lives on vegetation. Roses, thorn prick.
Sporothrix schenkii
70
Closely mimics tuberculosis. Inhaled microconidia decelop into budding yeast inside macrophages.
Histoplasma capsulatom
71
Most common cause of fungal pneumonia. Yeast with broad based bud.
Blastomyces dermatitidis
72
Multiple buds in wheel configuration (mariner's wheel). Causing painful mouth and nose ulcers.
Paracoccidioides brasilensis
73
Fungal infection that inly occur in males.
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Growth is inhibited by estrogen)
74
Bird (pigeon) droppings
Cryptococcus neoformans
75
Septate hyphae that form V shaped branches (acute angles)
Aspergillus fumigatus
76
Most common AIDS defining illness occurs when CD4
Pneumocystis jiroveci
77
Smallest bacteria
Mycoplasma sp.
78
Causes pseudoappendicitis/ Mesenteric Adenitis
Yersinia enterocolitica
79
Pseudobuboes and painless papules that become painless ulcer with velvety surface
Klebsiella granulomatis
80
Fungal infection that closely mimic TB
Histoplasmosis
81
Fungus with V shaped septate hyphae. may present as fungus ball in lung cavity
Aspergillus fumigatus
82
Saprophytic molds with nonseptate hyphae, branches at right angles
Rhizoups oryzae and Mucor spp
83
Rhino-orbital-cerebral infection
Rhizopus oryzae and Mucor
84
The gold standard for viral diagnosis
Presenc of viral DNA or RNA
85
The only live attenuated vaccine that may be given to HIV positive patients
MMR
86
Live attenuated vaccines
Yellow fever Chicken pox Sabin's polio MMR
87
Killed vaccines
Rabies Influenza Polio (Salk's) Hepatitis A
88
Aka 5th disease
Parvovirus B19
89
Causes erythema infectiosum
Parvovirus B19
90
Slapped cheek appearance and aplastic crisis
Parvovirus B19
91
Only virus with fiber (penton fiber)
Adenovirus
92
Most common cause of viral conjunctivitis
Adenovirus (41 strains)
93
Most common viral STD
HPV 6 & 11
94
Viral infection that affects immunocompromised patients. | Progressive multifocal leukoencephaly
JC Polyoma Virus
95
Causes hemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy in patients with transplants
BK Polyoma virus
96
Malignancy associated with EBV
Burkitt's lumphoma Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Hairy leukoplakia
97
Largest virus | Presence of Guarnieri bodies
Small pox
98
Viral infection with HP:Henderson-Peterson bodies
Molluscum contagium virus
99
Viral infection with pinkish papular skin kesions with an UMBILLICATED center
Molluscum contagiosum virus
100
Councilman bodies are found in?
Hepatitis C and B
101
Mallory bodies found in
Alcoholic hepatitis
102
Most common cause of nonbacterial diarrhea in adults
Norwalk virus
103
Most common cause of childhood diarrhea
Rotavirus
104
Influenza type that causes pandemics
Type A
105
Influenza type that causes major outbreaks
Type B
106
Influenza type that causes mild RTIs
Type C

Erwin Personal Flash Cards (16 decks)

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