Leukemias Flashcards
The primary chemotherapeutic drug for acute lymphocytic leukemia and it’s catastrophic side effect.
Asparginase (pancreatitis)
Vehicle used for the delivery of chemotherapy to CNS sanctuary sites of ALL
Ommaya reservoir
t(12;21)
ALL
Hypercellular marrow packed with myeloblasts, >20% myloblasts in BM, MPO-positive
AML
t(15;17)
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Leukemia with highest incidence of DIC
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Only human cancer that can be treated with vitamins
Acute Promyelocytic leukemia (all-trans retinoic acid)
The primary chemotherapeutic drug for CML and it’s side effects
Imatinib(Gleevec), fluid retention, CHF
Most common leukemia of adults and the elderly
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Complication of CLL, transformation into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Richter syndrome (aggressive type of Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma)
Increase in WBC count with left shift (eg. 80% bands) and high alkaline phosphatase usually caused by infection.
Leukemoid reaction
Differentiates leukemoid reaction from CML
Leukemoid-high leukocyte alkaline phosphatase
CML-very low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase
Large cells with multiple nuclei or a single nucleus with multiple nuclear lobes seen in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.
Reed-Sternbherg cells (Owl’s eyes)
Most common type of Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Nodular sclerosis (65-75%)
Type of Hodgkin’s lymphoma with worst prognosis
Lymphocyte depleted (rare, 90% assoc. with EBV)
Treatment of choice for relapse Hodgkin’s Lymphoma after initial treatment
Bone marrow transplant
Most common hematopoietic malignancy
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Most commonly form of indolent NHL
Follicular lymphoma
t(14;18)
Follicular lymphoma
Most common form of NHL
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
t(8;14)
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Sezary-Lutzner cells, Pautrier microabscesses
Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Most common and most deadly plasma cell neoplasm
Multiple Myeloma
Most important gammopathu
Multiple myeloma
Differentiates Waldenstorm’s Macroglobulinemia from Multiple Myeloma
Absence of lytic bone lesions
Neutrophils with only two nuclear lobes
Pseudo-Pelger-Hüet Cells
Hallmark is development of obliterative marrow fibrosis
Primary myelofibrosis
Treatment of primary myelofibrosis
Bone marrow transplant
Birbeck granules
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Proliferative disorder of dendritic cells
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Leading cause of irreversible blindness in the developed world
Age-related macular degeneration
Most common primary intra-ocular malignancy of children
Retinoblastoma
Most common presentation of retinoblastoma
Leukocoria
Most important cause of optic neuritis
Multiple sclerosis
Most common cancer of children
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
