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MSK > Pectoral Region > Flashcards

Pectoral Region Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the pectoral region?

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
Subclavius

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2
Q

What is the most superficial pectoral muscle?

A

Pectoralis major

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3
Q

Origin of pectoralis major

A

Clavicular head - anterior medial surface of
clavicle
Sternocostal head - anterior surface of sternum
- upper 6 costal cartilages
- aponeurosis of external
oblique muscles

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4
Q

Insertion of pectoralis major

A

Intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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5
Q

Innervation of pectoralis major

A

Median pectoral nerve C8-T1
Lateral pectoral nerve C5,C6,C7

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6
Q

Action of pectoralis major

A

ADucts arm
Medial rotation
Flexes arm at shoulder joint

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7
Q

Origin of pectoralis minor

A

3rd-5th ribs

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8
Q

Insertion of pectoralis minor

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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9
Q

Innervation of pectoralis minor

A

Medial pectoral nerve C8-T1

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10
Q

Action of pectoralis minor

A

Stabilises scapula - draws in anteroinferiorly against thoracic wall

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11
Q

How does pectoralis minor stabilise the scapula?

A

Draws in anteroinferiorly against thoracic wall

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12
Q

Location of the subclavius

A

Directly below the clavicle

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13
Q

Origin of subclavius

A

Junction of 1st rib + its costal cartilage

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14
Q

Insertion of subclavius

A

Interior middle 3rd of clavicle

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15
Q

Innervation of subclavius

A

Nerve to subclavius

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16
Q

Action of subclavius

A

Anchors + depresses clavicle

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17
Q

Origin of serratus anterior

A

As separate ‘slips’ from lateral aspect of ribs 1-8

18
Q

Insertion of serratus anterior

A

Medial border of scapula

19
Q

Innervation of serratus anterior

A

Long thoracic nerve C5,C6,C7

20
Q

Action of serratus anterior

A

Protracts scapula
ABduction of shoulder >90 °
Holds scapula against ribcage

21
Q

What is the axilla?

A

A pyramidal space at the junction of upper limbs + thorax

22
Q

Borders of the axilla

A

Anterior - pectoralis major + minor
Posterior - scapularis
- teres major
- latissimus dorsi
Medial - serratus anterior + thoracic wall
Lateral- intertubercular sulcus
Apex - lateral border of 1st rib
- superior border of scapula
- posterior border of clavicle
Base - axillary fascia + skin

23
Q

Contents of the axilla

A

Axillary artery + vein
Chords + branches of brachial plexus
Axillary lymph nodes
Coracobrachialis
Short head of biceps brachii
Intercostobrachial nerve T2

24
Q

What are the 3 routes of leaving the axilla?

A

-inferiorly + laterally
- via the quadrangular space
- via the clavipectoral triangle

25
Q

Where does the cephalic vein enter the axilla?

A

Clavipectoral triangle

26
Q

Where do the medial and lateral pectoral nerve leave the axilla?

A

Clavipectoral triangle

27
Q

What are the axillary lymph nodes?

A

APICAL

Anterior
Posterior
Infraclaviclar
Central
Apical
Lateral

28
Q

Outline the drainage of the right axillary lymph nodes

A

Right subclavian trunk >
Right lymphatic duct >
Right venous angle

29
Q

Outline the drainage of the left axillary lymph nodes

A

Left subclavian trunk >
Thoracic duct >
Left venous angle

30
Q

Where does the axillary artery start and what does it come from?

A

At lateral border of 1st rib
Subclavian artery

31
Q

What are the three parts of the axillary nerve and what are they in relation to?

A

Pectoralis minor

1st part - proximal to pectoralis minor
2nd part - posterior to pectoralis minor
3rd part - distal to pectoralis minor

32
Q

How many branches do each part of the axillary artery have?

A

1st part - 1
2nd part - 2
3rd part - 3

33
Q

Branch from the 1st part of the axillary artery

A

Superior thoracic artery

34
Q

Branches from the 2nd part of the axillary artery

A

Thoracoacromial artery
Lateral thoracic artery

35
Q

Branches from the 3rd part of the axillary artery

A

Subscapular artery
Anterior circumflex humeral artery
Posterior CHA

36
Q

Where do the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries branch from?

A

3rd part of the axillary artery

37
Q

Where does the axillary artery end and what does it become?

A

Lower border of teres major
Brachial artery

38
Q

What forms the axillary vein and where from?

A

Paired brachial veins + basilic vein
At lower border of teres major

39
Q

What are the superficial veins of the upper limbs?

A

Mostly cephalic + basilic veins

40
Q

What vein do you take most commonly use for venipuncture?

A

Medial cubital vein at cubital fossa

41
Q

Where does the cephalic vein run?

A

Along the pre-axial border
Lateral

42
Q

Where does the basilic vein run?

A

Along post axial border
Medial

MSK (25 decks)

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