Pectoral Girdle, Scapular Movements and Muscles

Question 1

Identify the structures labelled 1-4

Answer 1

1- Sternoclavicular joint

2- Clavicle

3- Acromioclavicular joint

4- Scapula

Question 2

At what joint do the entire upper limb and the pectoral girdle articulate?

Answer 2

Glenohumeral joint

Question 3

Identify the parts of the clavicle labelled 1-3

Answer 3

1- Acromial end

2- Coroid tubercle

3- Sternal end

Question 4

What is the weakest part of the clavicle?

Answer 4

The junction between the lateral and middle thirds of the clavicle

Question 5

What is the function of the conoid tubercle?

Answer 5

Attachment point for the conoid ligament which binds the clavicle to the coracoid process of the scapula

Question 6

Identify structures labelled 1-19

Answer 6

1-Supraspinous fossa

2- Superior angle

3- Spine of scapula

4-Acromion

5-Medial border

6-Infraspinous fossa

7-Inferior angle

8-Lateral border

9-Acromion

10- Coracoid process

11- Glenoid cavity

12- Lateral border

13- Superior angle

14- Medial border

15- Subscapular fossa

16- Inferior angle

17- Supraglenoid tubercle

18- Glenoid cavity

19- Infraglenoid tubercle

Question 7

What types of joints are the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints?

Answer 7

Both synovial

AC- Plane

SC- Saddle

Question 8

At what joints does abduction of the arm occur?

Answer 8

From the anatomical position, initially all movements will be at the shoulder joint. Beyong 30 degrees, for every 3 degrees of abduction 2 degrees occurs at the shoulder joint and 1 degree at the scapula-thoracic joint

Question 9

What is the scapulothoracic joint?

Answer 9

The movement of the scapula on the thoracic wall

Not a true anatomical joint, no joint surfaces or structures are present

Question 10

What muscles are responsible for elevation of the scapula?

Answer 10

Descending trapezius

Rhomboids

Levator scapulae

Question 11

What muscles are responsible for depression of the scapula?

Answer 11

Pectoralis minor

Ascending trapezius

Serratus anterior

Question 12

What muscles are responsible for protraction of the scapula?

Answer 12

Serratus anterior

Pectoralis minor

Question 13

What muscles are responsible for retraction of the scapula?

Answer 13

Trapezius (middle fibres)

Rhomboids

Question 14

What muscles are responsible for lateral rotation of the scapula, elevating the glenoid cavity?

Answer 14

Trapezius

Serratus anterior

Question 15

What muscles are responsible for medial rotation of the scapula, depressing the glenoid cavity?

Answer 15

Levator scapulae

Rhomboids

Pectoralis minor

Also gravity