Anterior Forearm Flashcards
What functions do the muscles of the anterior forearm have?
Flexors of the wrists and digits Pronators of the forearm
Into what groups are the muscles of the anterior forearm split?
Superficial, intermediate and deep groups
What muscles are in the superficial group of the anterior forearm?
Pronator teres Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris
Where do the muscles of the superficial group of the anterior forearm attach proximally?
Attached by the common flexor tendon to the medial epicondyle of the humerus
Identify the structures labelled 1-4
1- Flexor carpi radialis 2- Palmaris longus 3- Flexor carpi ulnaris 4- Pronator teres
What is the action of pronator teres?
Pronate and flex the forearm
What is the innervation of pronator teres?
Median nerve
What is the common action of flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flex the hand at the wrist joint
What are the functions of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flex hand at wrist joint Adduction of the wrist joint
What are the functions of flexor carpi radialis?
Flex hand at wrist joint Abduction of the wrist joint
What is the innervation of the superificial muscles of the forearm?
Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus and pronator teres- median nerve Flexor carpi ulnaris- ulnar nerve
What is the action of brachioradialis?
Weak flexion of the elbow joint
What is the innervation of brachioradialis?
Radial nerve
Why can brachioradialis be considered a paradoxial muscle?
It’s location and innervation are usual of an extensor muscle but it is actually a flexor
Which muscle is present in the intermediate compartment of the anterior forearm?
Flexor digitorum superficialis
How many tendons does flexor digitorum superficialis give rise to and what does each attach to?
Four- one to each of the medial four digits
On which phalanx are the tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis inserted?
The middle phalanx of each of the medial four digits
What is the action of flexor digitorum superficialis?
Flex the wrist, metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints No action on the distal interphalangeal joints
What is the innervation of flexor digitorum superficialis?
Median nerve
What muscles make up the deep group of the anterior forearm?
Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus
The deep group of muscles of the anterior forearm lie in close relation to the bones and interosseus membranes. To which bone does each of the muscles lie in close relation?
Flexor digitorum profundus- ulna Flexor pollicis longus- radius Pronator quadratus- distal part of both radius and ulna
Where does the flexor digitorum profundus lie?
Deep in the front of the forerarm Lies more superficially on the medial border and back of forearm
What are the actions of flexor digitorum profundus?
Only flexors of distal interphalangeal joints Also flexes metacarpophalangeal joints and the wrist
What is the innervation of flexor digitorum profundus?
Medial part of FDP innervated by ulnar nerve Lateral part of FDP innervated by median nerve
What are the actions of flexor pollicis longus?
Flexes the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb
What is the innervation of flexor pollicis longus?
Anterior interosseus branch of median nerve
What is the course of pronator quadratus?
Lies deeply in the distal fourth of the forearm taking origin from the ulna Passes across to be inserted into the radius
What is the action of pronator quadratus?
Pronates forearm
What is the innervation of pronator quadratus?
Anterior interosseus branch of median nerve
