Axilla and Neurovascular Input to the Upper Limb Flashcards
What forms the anterior wall of the axilla?
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
What forms the posterior wall of the axilla?
Subscapularis
What forms the medial wall of the axilla?
Serratus anterior
Thoracic wall
What forms the lateral wall of the axilla?
Intertubercular groove of the humerus
What forms the apex of the axilla?
Lateral border of first rib
Superior border of scapula
Posterior border of clavicle
Identify the labelled structures
Red- teres minor
Green- teres major
Yellow- long head of triceps brachii
Blue quadrangular space
Identify the labelled borders of the axilla
Red- anterior border
Green- medial border
Yellow- posterior border
Blue- lateral border
What artery is the axillary artery a continuation of?
Subclavian artery
At what anatomical point does the axillary artery begin?
Lateral border of first rib
At what anatomical point does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
Inferior border of teres major
What is the brachial plexus formed of?
The ventral rami of C5-T1
Which nerve roots form the upper trunk of the brachial plexus?
C5 + C6
Where is Erb’s point?
Nerve point of neck
What trunk is affected in Erb’s palsy?
Upper trunk
What roots form the lower trunk of the brachial plexus?
C8 + T1
What is the effect of injury to the lower trunk?
Klumpke’s palsy
Identify the cords of the brachial plexus labelled
Top- Lateral cord
Middle- Posterior cord
Bottom- Medial cord
What are the branches of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
Lateral pectoral nerve
Lateral root of median nerve
Musculocutaneous nerve
What are the branches of the medial cord of the brachial plexus?
Medial pectoral nerve
Ulnar nerve
Medial root of median nerve
Medial cutaneous nerve of arm
Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm
What are the branches of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
Thoracodorsal nerve
Axillary nerve
Radial nerve
Susbscapular nerve
Where does the basilic vein originate?
The medial aspect of the dorsal venous network of the hand
What are the major arteries of the upper limb, from proximal to distal?
Subclavian artery
Axillary artery
Brachial artery
Radial artery
Ulnar artery
Where does the cephalic vein originate?
The lateral aspect of the dorsal venous network of the hand
What is the function of the median cubital vein?
To shunt blood from the cephalic vein to the basilic vein
Identify the vessels labelled 1-3
1- Cephalic vein
2- Median cubital vein
3- Basilic vein
What forms the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
Anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks
What forms the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?
The posterior divisions of the superior, middle and inferior trunks
What forms the medial cord of the brachial plexus?
The anterior division of the inferior trunk
