pe Flashcards
refers to the kinds of injury that occur during sports or exercise, or injuries to the musculoskeletal system
sports injuries
how to reduce the risk of exercise injury
wear the right shoes
using the correct equipment
drink lots of water
warming up and stretching properly
types of force injuries
tensile
compressive
shear
force that acts away from the center of the structure, causing a pull or stretch
tensile force
force that impacts the center causing it to bend or fold
compressive force
are opposing forces towards the different ends of the structure causing it to twist
shear force
refers to damage tissues or organs which occur when it encounters trauma or physical force that is greater that what it can resist or absorb
injuries
injury factors
inherent abnormality
age
technique
fitness level
equipment
environmental aspects
are bands of tissue that help connect bones, joints and organs and hold them in place
ligaments
fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
tendon
is a point where two bones make contact that forms axis or fulcrum
joint
is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle
Muscular system
provides shape and support for the body, as well as protection for some organs
bones
factors in injuries in ankles, legs, knees, hips
uneven leg length
excessive pronation
cavus foot
bowlegged or knock-knee alignment
lumbar lordosis
patella alta
high q angle
the hip of the leg that strikes the higher surface will suffer more strain
uneven leg length
inward rolling of the foot after the heel strikes the ground
excessive pronation (flat feet)
the arch of the foot appears very high because the foot doesn’t flatten inwards when weight is placed on it
cavus foot (over-high arches)
adds extra stress through knees and ankles over time, leads to more ankle sprains
bowlegged or knock-knee alignment
forward curve in the lower spine
lumbar lordosis
a kneecap that’s higher than usual
patella alta
kneecap displaced to one side as with knock knees
high q angle
type of injury where the complain and pain only after the activity, game or training session
stage 1
injury complain during and after an activity but do not feel it during rest
stage 2
athlete feels pain whether at rest or play
stage 3
two classifications of sport injuries
acute
chronic/overuse
symptoms and signs occur after a long period of exposure to the force, often caused by repetitive trauma and overuse
chronic/overuse
signs and symptoms that manifest immediately after force application
acute
can be classified as mild, moderate, or severe depending on the loss of function and number of torn fibers
strain-overstructured ligaments
injury occurs when the knee twist while weight is placed on it
ACL
caused by excessive stretching that causes tears in the muscle-tendon
strain
breaks in the continuity of the bone, result from high impact forces that causes the bone to bend or twist
fractures
bones that are pushed out from their joint capsule
dislocation
traumatic brain injury, effects are temporary but can include headaches and problems with concentration, memory, balance, and coordination
concussion
small crack in a bone or severe bruising within a bone caused by repetitive activity
bruised fracture
most common overuse injury in sports, inflammation of a tendon, occurs in tendon
tendinopathy/tendinitis
“wear and tear” of a joint that results to deterioration, occurs when the cartilage or cushion between the joints break down leading to pain, stiffness and swelling
osteoarthritis
inflammation or irritation of the bursa
bursitis
type of shin splints that is pain around the front of the shin
anterolateral shin splints
type of shin splints that is the pain felt on the inner part of the shins
posteromedial shin splints
sudden lower back pain appears with twisting or lifting
lumbar strain
known as backhand and forehand tennis elbow, inflammation of the tendons surrounding the elbows
lateral and medial epicondylitis
type of epicondylitis that occur with overuse of a screwdriver
backhand tennis elbow
type of epicondylitis that is common in golfers and people who have to lug heavy suitcases
forehand tennis elbow
the second to fourth toes are vulnerable to breakage when sprinting or running long distances
metatarsal stress fracture
applied after injury, for relief of pain and swelling and promote healing
RICE
accounts all information needed to see a holistic picture of the cause, severity, patient’s history, physical examination, special test, diagnostic test
diagnostic process
performed immediately on any person who has become unconscious and is found to be pulse less
CPU (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
first part of the evaluation process, a quick evaluation if there are life-threatening injuries present
primary survey
means getting the right amount of water, before, during, and after the exercise
hydration
when your body doesn’t have as much water as it needs
dehydration
normal human body temperature
36.5-37.5C or 97.7-99.5F
when your body produces more heat that it can lose
hyperthermia
when you lose more heat that your body can produce, causing a dangerously low body temperature
hypothermia
a case in which a person works or exerts themselves beyond their physical capabilities, cause severe physical injury or musculoskeletal strain
overexertion
