pcl, mcl, & lcl ligaments -exam 3 Flashcards
Which ligament is thicker and stronger than the ACL
PCL
PCL attachment
-runs
attaches centrally and posterior on the tibia plateau
attaches ant. on the medial aspect of the intercondylar fossa
runs sup. and ant.
PCL primary restraint:
excessive post. glide and IR
The PCL is the MOST injured knee ligament. T or F
False; LEAST injured
Etiology of PCL injury:
hyper-flexion primary but also hyperextension i.e. car wreck
S&S of PCL injury:
consistent with any ligament injury plus
–ROM limited and P!ful, least limited in ER
—(+) PCL special test
What are the special test(s) for PCL:
Quads active
Posterior Drawer
Post Sag
Reverse pivot shift
Before performing the PCL special tests ensure that the ___________ are relaxed
Quadriceps
Which of the following PCL special test(s) is being described:
In hook lying, pt. slides foot forward; PT guides foot
—________ tibial translation indicates (+) test
Quadriceps active
Anterior
Which of the following PCL special test(s) is being described:
Stabilize pt. foot w/ 90º knee flx in supine HL; glide tibia post
—checking for ______ end feel
Posterior Drawer
abnormal (soft/late empty)
Which of the following PCL special test(s) is being described:
Support heel with hip/knee in 90º/90º flx
–checking for _____ tibia
Post Sag -no force applied
sagging tibia (concavity)
Which of the following PCL special test(s) is being described:
Lay pt. in supine and Erot; apply valgus stress w/EXT
Reverse Pivot Shift
PT Rx for PCL: primary focus
emphasizes on limiting post. tibia gliding
Flat, broad ligament w/ two bands:
MCL or TCL
MCL attachment to: (3)
–runs from
medial meniscus
posterior capsule
adjacent muscle/tendon units
–runs from medial condyle of femur and tibia
MCL limits what excessive motion?
–ant band limits
–post band limits
Valgus and ER stresses
ant. limits flx
post limits hyperext.
MCL is the MOST injured ligament? T or F
True
Etiology of MCL injury?
excessive valgus and/or ER stress and/or hyperextension
S&S of MCL injury? consistent w/ligament injury + :
ROM impaired and painful, least limited in IR
(+) MCL and possibly medial meniscus special test
TTP
MCL special test?
valgus stress @ 0º and 30º
–if after trauma w/ rotation LR + = 6.4
MCL special test: More extended positions tests other structures like _______ and _________
cruciates and capsules
PT Rx: MCL: ligament Rx plus emphasis on:
early protection w/valgus and ER stress and end ranges of flx/ext
MOST MCL injuries will NOT need Sx because
ligament is extraarticular and can scar/heal on blended capsule
Round cordlike ligament:
Radial Collateral Ligament aka LCL
LCL attachment:
attaches the lateral condyle of the femur to fibular head
–no menisci attachment
LCL primary restraint:
excessive varus and ER stresses
LCL prevalence:
strong, seldom injured
Etiology of LCL:
excessive varus and/or ER stress and hyperextension
S&S of LCL injury:
ROM: limited and painful, particularly ext and ER
(+) LCL special tests
TTP
LCL special test:
varus stress @ 0º and 30º (minimal to no support)
PT Rx for LCL:
early protection w/varus and ER stresses
LCL injury may need Sx b/c
ligament remains from the capsule even though it is extraarticular
PT Rx MET: ALL Sprains
combo of supervised and HEP better than either alone
combo of open/closed chain exercises (strong support)
coordination training
