Patient With Pigmented Skin Lesions Flashcards
Define moles
Benign tumors arising from melanocytes
Blue Nevus site and origin
Face and dorsum of hands, arises from dermal melanocytes
Classification system of nevi?
ABCD system
What causes the pre-malignant lesion, Keratoacanthoma?
The overgrowth and subsequent necrosis of a sebaceous gland
What is Xeroderma Pigmentosa, and what does it present as
A rare genetic diseases, patients exhibit severe sensitivity to sunlight from childhood
What is Marjolin’s Ulcer
Carcinoma arising at sites of chronic inflammation
Explain who gets BCC and why
Older males over 65 years, associated with UV exposure in countries of sunlight.
Explain BCC
basal cell carcinoma, locally invasive carcinoma that doesn’t metastasize, yet kills via local infiltration
Commonest BCC?
Nodulo-ulcerative
Describe Morphea-like BCC (sclerosing BCC)
Firm elevated yellow-ish plaque
BCC investigations?
Both biopsies, incisional and excisional, and a CT to assess depth of invasion.
Treatment of choice for BCC?
Surgical excision with safety margin
BCC treatment fot elderly not suitable for surgery?
Radiotherapy
What is the 2nd most common skin cancer after BCC?
SCC, squamous cell carcinoma
Explain the cause/incidence of SCC?
Prolonged exposure to sunlight, like sailors for example
Site of SCC?
Exposed skin, generally head and neck, lower lips too.
Symptoms of SCC
Enlarged LN, bleeding ulcer
SCC investigation?
Biopsy
SCC treatment
Surgical excision with safety margin followed by reconstruction
SCC treatment for metastatic lesions?
Systemic Chemotherapy
SCC treatment for massive unresectable tumors in critical anatomical sites?
Radiotherapy
Melanoma incidence?
Sunlight again, in caucasians
Melanoma Etiology/risk factors?
Family history, blonde hair, freckling of upper back
Melanoma symptoms?
Itching, change in colour, evidence of distant metastasis, like weight loss etc…
