Pathomorph. II digestive system pathology Flashcards
arthrogryposis
describes congenital joint contracture in two or more areas of the body.
SAP syndrome
The Syndrome of Arthrogryposis and Palatoschisis (cleft palate)
Arthrogryposis describes congenital joint contracture in two or more areas of the body.
medical term for cleft palate
Palatoschisis
hemorrhagic diatheses
an unusual susceptibility to bleed
define aphtha
a small ulcer occurring in groups in the mouth or on the tongue.
can be viral causation
another term for tongue inflammation
glossitis
term for accumulations of hair casts in the GI tract
trichobezoar
concretions of indigested fruit and vegetables fibers in the gastrointestinal tract are termed
phytobezoar
Leiomyomas, also known as
fibroids, are a group of benign smooth muscle tumors
define atresia coli
Atresia coli is a congenital abnormality in cattle that is lethal without surgical correction.
“Atresia” refers to a body orifice that is abnormally small or completely closed. Atresia coli is where a section of the colon is missing.
describe a bowel invagination
Intussusception of the bowel is defined as the telescoping of a proximal segment of the gastrointestinal tract within the lumen of the adjacent segment.
a condition in which part of the intestine folds into the section next to it.
define trichuriasis
also known as Whipworm Infection
Primary tympany is also known as
legume bloat, dietary bloat, or frothy bloat.
The most reliable postmortem indicator of antemortem bloat is the
sharp line of demarcation most evident in the mucosa between the pale, bloodless esophagus distal to the thoracic inlet and the congested proximal esophagus cranially to it.
This line may sometimes form even after death before the blood clots. This division is known as a bloat line.
Secondary tympany is caused by
a physical or functional obstruction or stenosis of the esophagus resulting in failure to eructate.
neoplasm, foreign body, enlarged lymphadenopathic lymph nodes etc.
define portocaval shunt
A portacaval shunt is a treatment for portal hypertension. A connection (a shunt) is made between the portal vein, which supplies 75% of the liver’s blood, and the inferior vena cava, the vein that drains blood from the lower two-thirds of the body.
another word for steatosis
lipidosis
perilobular lipidosis
hepatic melanosis
Cholestasis (dog)
stages of liver degeneration in chronic passive liver congestion (cardiac liver)
stage I centrilobular passive congestion
stage II centro- & mediolobular congestion
stage III changes in lobules, extension of areas of stasis, “interverted lobule”
stage IV centrolobular stasis, mediolobular fibrosis, “cardiac cirrhosis”
define Peliosis hepatis
is an uncommon vascular condition characterised by multiple, randomly distributed, blood-filled cavities throughout the liver.
define Telangiectasia
also known as spider veins, small dilated blood vessels near the surface of ksin or mucous membranes
name 4 forms of hepatocytic degeneration
vacuolar
ballooning
granular
fatty
hepatocytic ballooning degeneration
Ballooning degeneration/change: swelling and rounding up of hepatocytes as seen in steatohepatitis and viral hepatitis.
hepatocytic ballooing degeneration
hepatic vacuolar degeneration
Small spaces or holes known as vacuoles develop inside the cytoplasm (i.e. jelly-like liquid inside cells). Vacuoles can form from cellular damage or other insults.
hepatic vacuolar degeneration
hepatic fatty degeneration
define hepatic dystrophy
another way to say hepatic degneration
hepatitis classification
- parenchymatous hepatitis
- interstitial hepatitis
- specific hepatitis
- parenchymatous hepatitis can be either
degenerative or necrotising
- interstitial hepatitis can be (3)
acute, subacute, chronic
acute and subacute interstitial hepatitis can be either
non suppurative (diffuse, or circumscribed)
or suppurative (abscess)
what is Rubarth’s disease
Infectious Canine Hepatitis (ICH), formerly known as Rubarth’s disease, is an acute (severe but of short duration) liver infection in dogs caused by the virus canine adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1) and is also seen in foxes in Europe, although other carnivores may become infected without developing clinical illness.
Tyzzer Disease in Animals
Tyzzer disease is caused by Clostridium piliforme. The disease affects a variety of animals, including mammals and birds.
It is characterized by a triad of lesions that include colitis, hepatitis, and myocarditis, although the three are usually not present together in a single animal.
Treatment is supportive and nonspecific, with a low success rate.
Disse’s space
The Disse space lies between hepatocytes and the sinusoids and is also referred to as the perisinusoidal space.
Pylephlebitis
defined as septic thrombophlebitis of the portal veins, is a rare but deleterious complication of an intra-abdominal or pelvic infection of any etiology.
Omphalophlebitis is an inflammation and/or infection of the umbilical vein.
Omphalophlebitis is an inflammation and/or infection of the umbilical vein.
Fibrotic chronic hepatitis, post necrotic (result of healing) - horse
hepatic cirrhosis patterns 1.-4.
What is Dicrocoeliasis?
Dicrocoeliasis is a rare zoonotic disease caused by liver flukes in the genus Dicrocoelium.
cysticercosis
Cysticercosis is a parasitic tissue infection caused by larval cysts of the tapeworm Taenia solium. These larval cysts infect brain, muscle, or other tissues.
hepatoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma is also called hepatoma or HCC. It’s the most common type of primary liver cancer.
however ther can be benign hepatomas too
Pancreas hypoplasia in dogs:
Pancreatic atrophy induces pancreatic insufficiency,
causes fat digestive disturbances with steatorrhea
Inflammation of the rumen, rumenitis, is generally considered synonymous with
lactic acidosis. Lactic acidosis is synonymous with grain overload, rumen overload, carbohydrate engorgement, and chemical rumenitis.
The pathophysiology of lactic acidosis usually involves a sudden dietary change to an easily fermentable feed or a change in the feed volume consumed.
The latter scenario is most likely to occur during weather changes, especially among feedlot cattle, when a sudden cooling rainstorm will stimulate food intake of cattle that had previously lost appetite because of high environmental temperatures and humidity.
