Pathology: classification & naming tumours and cancer Flashcards
how are tumours usually named
by cell of origin
what are benign and malignant tumours in squamous epithelium called
benign = papilloma malignant = carcinoma
what are benign and malignant tumours in glandular epithelium called
benign = adenoma malignant = adenocarcinoma
what are the prefixes for benign and malignant tumours in mesenchymal/connective tissue
benign = \_\_\_oma malignant = \_\_\_sarcoma
what 2 factors is classification of malignancy mainly based on
grading and staging
what is grading a measure of
how differentiated the tumour is, i.e. how much does it look like the tissue that its supposed to be in that organ
what does low grade and high grade mean in terms of differentiation
low grade = well differentiated
high grade = poorly differentiated
how will high grade cancers behave compared to low grade
high grade will be more aggressive, more likely to grow faster and metastasise earlier
what is staging a measure of
how far the tumour has spread
how is staging done for most cancers
with TNM staging, different for each type of cancer
Tumour, Nodes, Metastases
