Immunology: the immune response

Question 1

what components make up the innate response (3)

Answer 1

natural barriers, soluble components( complement system) and cellular components

Question 2

what are the natural barriers of innate response

Answer 2

physical barriers, mucous, commensal bacteria, sebaceous secretions, physiological barriers

Question 3

what makes up the adaptive immune response

Answer 3

humoral B cells, cell-mediated T cells

Question 4

describe the properties of the innate response (4)

Answer 4

rapid response(mins-hrs), no memory, non-specific response, use PAMPs and PRR

Question 5

describe the properties of the adaptive response (5)

Answer 5

slow response(days), immunological memory, specific response for each antigen, self regulation( via regulatory T cells), use antigens + antibodies

Question 6

what is are PAMPs

Answer 6

pathogen associated molecular patterns

Question 7

what are PRRs

Answer 7

Pattern recognition receptors

Question 8

what does the innate system promote

Answer 8

acute inflammation

Question 9

what are the effects of acute inflammation (5)

Answer 9

Tumor(swelling), rubor(redness), dolor(pain), calor(heat), functio laesa(loss of function)

Question 10

describe hypersensitivity type I (regulation, onset, example etc.)

Answer 10

Antibody- IgE
regulated by mast cells and eosinophils
onset = seconds
example = allergy

Question 11

describe hypersensitivity type II (regulation, onset, example etc.)

Answer 11

Antibody- IgM/IgG
regulated by NK cells
onset = secs-hrs
example = Goodpasture’s syndrome

Question 12

describe hypersensitivity type III (regulation, onset, example etc.)

Answer 12

Immune Complex
Antibody(IgG) to soluble antigen
regulated by neutrophils
onset = hrs
example = acute hypersensitivity pneumonitits

Question 13

describe hypersensitivity type IV (regulation, onset, example etc.)

Answer 13

Delayed
regulated by macrophages and T cells
onset = days
example = TB, sarcoidosis

Question 14

how do you remember the different types of hypersensititity

Answer 14

type 1 = 'A'ntibody
type 2 = anti'B'ody
type 3 = immune 'C'omplex
type 4 = 'D'elayed
so type 1,2,3,4 = A,B,C,D